Editor’s note:Arachnophonia (“Arachno” = spider / “-phonia” = sound) is a regular feature on our blog where members of the UR community can share their thoughts about resources from the Parsons Music Library‘s collection.
When analyzing each of the Beatles independently, their lives, and their careers, I often always associate each of the members with each other. I find comfort in coming back to their time as the Beatles. I rarely step out of the Beatles discography and engage with the solo art of each of the four. If you are an avid music listener, this is where you can place your condemnation upon me. Because, I must admit, I have missed out on a lot of music by these four. All four Beatles had taken solo careers and were highly successful. Although I knew this to be true, I still could not bring myself to actually listen. I have no doubt heard some of the famous songs written by one of the four, but never chose to immerse myself in their entire discography.
It was only very recently that I had heard a song by Paul McCartney in his solo career that I had never heard that made me want to scour the internet and find as much as I could about these four men and the masterpieces they put together outside of their time with the Beatles. Stylistically, I assumed a lot of their music would end up being similar to the songs they released while together. Going back to my original thought, that song was “Live and Let Die” by Paul and his band Wings, made to be the theme in the James Bond film of the same name. I had heard the song at 5:00 am over spring break on the radio, waiting in the car for my Amtrak to arrive and take me back to the University of Richmond. And afterward, instead of playing the next song, there was a bit of a discussion by the radio DJ about the song. Usually, I am not a fan of these, which is why I typically just connect my Spotify account and play accordingly, but, I am glad I listened. In it, the DJ said that McCartney needed only 15 minutes to come up with the main structure of the song. That absolutely blew me away. If McCartney can create one of the most iconic movie songs in the history of cinematic production in just fifteen minutes, then I could only imagine how many other songs he had the potential to release.
McCartney was fun and I had my short fix on his music with Wings, but I really wanted to then see the works of George Harrison, whose music constantly became underappreciated and one-upped by Paul and John during their tenure with the Beatles. I knew he must have had a lot of pent up music that he wanted to have released with the Beatles that was passed up on. This music surely had to be released during his solo career.
And, if I am being completely honest, although I believed this, I never actually listened to any of his albums. The only non-Beatles engagement I had with him was “Got My Mind Set On You” from his album Cloud Nine, and the songs that were released by The Traveling Wilburys. The Traveling Wilburys are a fascinating story, and probably worthy to have their own post another day. So, I decided randomly that I would pick an album that was earlier in his solo career. The winner was All Things Must Pass, George’s first album after the breakup of the Beatles.
All Things Must Pass, released in 1970, was unapologetically George. As mentioned earlier, a lot of George’s music was not really put into Beatles works and the other members were not 100% sold on his abilities as a writer. His role was ultimately to play the guitar and act as backup vocals. Years of beautiful work were ultimately kept to himself, as he was not going to release these songs alone while in the studio with the Beatles. I for one actually like George’s songs the most. And so, his style and his writing were way more pleasing to my ears than the other songs of the quartet.
The album is a long one, so I will recommend to be ready. It has a run time of 106 minutes long (1 hour and 46 minutes), and features six sides that were later transformed into two discs. One of the more interesting artists that joined forces with George on the album was Eric Clapton. The relationship between the two has generated some extremely powerful and good music. One of my favorite Beatles songs, “While My Guitar Gently Weeps,” features Eric Clapton’s guitar prominently, creating an elegant sound that creates a weeping noise.
All in all, I do not want to spoil much of the beauty that comes through in this album, and I would advise having a listen. If you want a physical CD copy, come to the Parsons Music Library on the third floor of the Modlin Center (second floor of Booker Hall) and check it out today.
George Harrison photographed at Friar Park, 1970 – poster insert for original release of All Things Must Pass
Editor’s note:Arachnophonia (“Arachno” = spider / “-phonia” = sound) is a regular feature on our blog where members of the UR community can share their thoughts about resources from the Parsons Music Library‘s collection.
In Sound Play, William Cheng dives into the nature of players’ engagements with the audio of video games, from horror to fantasy and more. Cheng explores how the virtual world of video games allows sound designers to play with sound and music in ways that would otherwise not be possible in the real world, and how our interactions with these sounds (in the virtual world) can teach us about ourselves and what we value in the “real” world.
I find this book to be an extremely interesting exploration of a fast growing field of research in musicology. Ludomusicology, or the study of sound in video games, has become a rich field of study as video games become more and more integrated into our lives and the world around us. Cheng wonderfully adds to this body of work by exploring how our own interactions within a virtual world and the choices we make shape us into the people we are in our everyday lives.
Editor’s note:Arachnophonia (“Arachno” = spider / “-phonia” = sound) is a regular feature on our blog where members of the UR community can share their thoughts about resources from the Parsons Music Library‘s collection.
Summary:
I find this book called Music in Film captivating and quite thought-provoking. The author acknowledges the rich history of music in cinema, from the early days of devices like the praxinoscope and kinetoscope to the diverse range of musical styles and genres that have been integrated into films. It raises questions about the purpose of music in cinema and the complex relationship between music and film. The author also expresses a desire to provide a comprehensive overview of this subject while avoiding oversimplification.
Why I Like This Book so Far:
As a music & film student, I find this book intriguing for several reasons. Firstly, it recognizes the vast history of music in cinema, going beyond the conventional notion of “the cinema” and acknowledging the diverse influences and traditions that have shaped the use of music in films. This inclusive approach aligns with my own belief in the importance of understanding the diverse cultural and artistic contexts of music in cinema.
Secondly, the book raises thought-provoking questions about the purpose of music in films, such as why music is used to accompany moving images and spoken dialogue, and how it can impact the emotional experience of the audience. These questions resonate with my own curiosity and desire to explore the multifaceted relationship between music and film.
Thirdly, the author’s intention to provide a comprehensive overview of significant examples of music in cinema, while acknowledging the limitations of exhaustive detail, is appealing to me as a student. The book offers a balanced and comprehensive approach to studying the subject, without oversimplifying or favoring certain films over others.
The author finds it difficult to view history solely through the lens of winners and losers, or to solely praise masterpieces while disregarding other works. As a result, unlike some current and past writing on the subject, particularly in France, this book may be perceived as indulgent towards a wide range of films and recent aesthetic trends, which may come across as guilty to some. The author’s aim is to inform readers and engage in thoughtful reflection, without resorting to oversimplification. This doesn’t mean that all films are liked, but I do believe that each film deserves recognition for its artistic ambitions, including the intent to entertain.
Editor’s note:Arachnophonia (“Arachno” = spider / “-phonia” = sound) is a regular feature on our blog where members of the UR community can share their thoughts about resources from the Parsons Music Library‘s collection.
The Op.23 Ballade is undoubtedly one of Frederic Chopin’s most representative works, and it was created between 1831 and 1835, during Chopin’s first few years in Paris. Completed in 1835 and published a year later it was followed by three more in this new genre: Op.38 Ballade in F Major, Op.47 Ballade in A-Flat Major, and Op.52 Ballade in F minor, published in succession till 1842. Discussion of the genre “ballade” is inevitable. It has been said that Chopin created a new genre in applying the titles of these pieces, at least for his own purposes.
According to Edward Hirsch, the English “ballad” represents a narrative song, a poem that tells and preserves a story orally. There are several vital features Hirsh mentions regarding the ballad that are relevant to the interpretation of Op.23 Ballade’s structure: an abrupt introduction, an emotionally intense refrain and overall a voice of an individual representing the community. In composing the Op.23 Ballade, Chopin was influenced by personal turbulence in midst of a turbulent social environment; thus, he expressed inner struggle and nostalgia, which, at the same time, also represented other Polish emigres’ grief and indignation and his own homesickness for the old country.
As Robert Schumann wrote in 1836: “It seems to me to be the work closest to his genius (though not the most brilliant). I even told him that it is my favorite of all of all his works. After a long, reflective pause he told me emphatically: ‘I am glad, because I too like it the best, it is my dearest work’”. The g minor ballade is unique being the representative of the public voice during the 1830s and the epitome of that specific era; meanwhile, it can still appeal to the audience’s sympathy and inspire imagination when performing in the 21st century.
Editor’s note:Arachnophonia (“Arachno” = spider / “-phonia” = sound) is a regular feature on our blog where members of the UR community can share their thoughts about resources from the Parsons Music Library‘s collection.
I’ve recently been fascinated with classical South Asian dance after watching a few of my Bollywood Jhatkas teammates perform during our most recent show.
Kathak is a type of Northern Indian dance and is one of the eight classical dance forms in India. The movements are heavily rooted in storytelling, hence the graceful arm and hand movements. Nomads took these stories outside of the Hindu temples and began integrating more expression into the art form, as well as more intricate footwork. There are three forms of Kathak, each focusing on different aspects of the dance. Traditionally, small bells are tied to the dancer’s ankles to enunciate the footwork.
Bells of Change: Kathak Dance, Women, and Modernity in India, written by Pallabi Chakravorty, is a critical study of this ancient dance form and its impact on women in India. Much like food, I find dance to be a way to share cultural identity. I love sharing my passion for South Asian dance with my friends and the greater Richmond community. Still, there is so much more to these art forms than what meets the eye. That being said, there are a wide variety of books on Kathak and other dance forms in the Music Library, so be sure to check them out!
Editor’s note:Arachnophonia (“Arachno” = spider / “-phonia” = sound) is a regular feature on our blog where members of the UR community can share their thoughts about resources from the Parsons Music Library‘s collection.
As a music library employee, one of our tasks is to ensure that each piece of media and literature is in the correct spot so that patrons can access materials with ease. A few weeks ago, I stumbled across a score for L’Histoire de Babar, Le Petit Éléphant. I recognized the character almost immediately, as I grew up reading the book series and later watching the early 2000s televisionseries in my 2nd grade French class.
Babar originated in France during the 1930s and became a hit in the United States soon after. The story follows a young elephant who is introduced to western society after fleeing hunters. He returns to the elephant realm with modernized ideas and becomes their king shortly after. Babar is accompanied by many friends during his adventures.
This particular score is a piano piece with the narration of Babar’s first story, written in French. It came out long before any TV media was produced, but influenced Babar’s theme song in subsequent years. Babar has certainly influenced a generation through its media presence but has also become a story of the past. You can check out niche items like L’Histoire de Babar, Le Petit Éléphant and other unique materials at the music library (translations may or may not be included).
Editor’s note:Arachnophonia (“Arachno” = spider / “-phonia” = sound) is a regular feature on our blog where members of the UR community can share their thoughts about resources from the Parsons Music Library‘s collection.
One of the best films I have watched is definitely La La Land. For the longest time, I have heard so much about this film and how it is so many people’s favorite movie. But I never understood the hype for it until very recently.
La La Land is a musical centered in Hollywood as two individuals fall in love. Emma Stone plays Mia, an aspiring actress, and Ryan Gosling, plays Sebastian, a struggling Jazz pianist. The characters meet and fall in love as they try to pursue their dreams. This is a beautiful movie about following one’s dream, falling in love, and the hard decisions that can intervene between the two lovers.
This movie is filled with beautiful Jazz music, many colorful and beautiful scenes, and moments that make you fall in love with the story. The soundtrack in particular is very compelling. My favorite tracks from the movie are “Mia and Sabastian’s Theme,” “Planetarium,” and “City of Stars.” The Music Library actually has a score dedicated to the music in the film. The score focuses on piano, vocal, and guitar chords arrangements for anyone to try.
If you have not yet watched or heard about the amazing film La La Land, I definitely recommend giving it a try!
Editor’s note:Arachnophonia (“Arachno” = spider / “-phonia” = sound) is a regular feature on our blog where members of the UR community can share their thoughts about resources from the Parsons Music Library‘s collection.
La Boheme Original 1896 poster by Adolfo Hohenstein
I was never an opera guy. It is not that I did not like opera. I just did not know about opera. I was never in a situation where opera came to the forefront of my mind. In other words, I was not exposed to opera. It was a distant thing to me; ladies singing on balconies with horned helmets and weird facial expressions to sing the difficult pieces tasked to them was my only frame of reference. When in a car with friends on a Friday night, nobody was putting on Verdi, Wagner, or Rossini. The store playlist of my high school job certainly was not playing the greatest opera arias known to man. Even the mainstream celebrities of today that people idolize so fiercely weren’t opera singers (although some deservedly should be).
And so, you cannot blame me that I grew up and more strongly resonated with the music of the day and the ones of my parents. Opera just does not show up in everyday life; in a way, you must go looking for it. Actually, for me to say I never engaged with opera is a bit of stretch. There are pieces that my dad has listened to or showed me. Most of the orchestral concerts I have been to have played a piece or two from a world renowned opera. Some movies contain them in their scores. And finally, some movies use these operas as their source material and are loosely based on them.
Despite that all being true, I cannot call myself an opera fan. I can’t because of how limited my exposure has been to the craft. Compared to the amounts I know of all other genres (minus country), I barely scraped the surface of operatic music. My knowledge was equivalent to knowing the ABCs, but only up until C. In the words of some of my peers, I was considered “a casual.”
But as with all things addictive, it only takes a taste for you to get hooked and interested. I only needed one person to expose me to this new world. I only needed one person to be able to convince me of its beauty. I only needed one person to show me how much this meant to them, as so that same joy could spread over me. And while some things addictive are not necessarily good for you, I am proud to say that mine is a much healthier alternative. And surprisingly, it only took a forced general education requirement where I am obligated to sit in a classroom for two and a half hours a week for fifteen straight weeks to introduce me to this world. I think that is a fair deal.
Anyways, I do not think that my professor really expected anyone to enjoy opera at the ages of 18-22. The music is so different from mainstream music and the norms of music today that it was not an outrageous guess for him to say we may find this a bit boring and uninteresting. That did not stop him though from hoping that it could resonate with us and perhaps make us find a new appreciation for it. Ultimately, I do think that about 70-80% of the class remained disinterested and will never watch an opera ever again (which is fine, at least you gave it a spin), but I am beyond surprised with how quickly I ended up enjoying and looking forward to class. I like to consider myself a man of music; I may not study music, or play music, or read music, or anything like that. However, I am a listener that does not have a narrow taste. I am familiar with music from all ages, across the world, and will give anything a listen at least once.
I personally have this rule that I will never listen to a piece for the first time needing convincing. I have a few friends like that where they need something to happen to convince themselves that the music is good. Or better yet, they already have a baseline standard of what is good music and judge the song based on how well it conforms to their already pre-existing baseline. I CANNOT STAND THAT. For me, I treat every piece individually and try to find the good in every piece. And so, most times, you are not ever going to hear from me that a song is bad. And I think in an even better vein, it has allowed me to appreciate all types of music and being able to know that although it is different, it still has redeeming and exceptional qualities that make the work good in its own right. Call it mature, or call it awesome or whatever, but I think that alone has been the biggest contributor to my interest in the course.
I knew the course would cover opera. I also knew that I was not very familiar with opera. I also knew that generally, younger audiences do not typically appreciate nor listen to opera. Finally, I knew that whatever my opinion of opera might be, I would have to at least give it a chance for fifteen weeks and do everything in my power to keep an open mind and take the course with excitement. And that was what put me in a different boat than the other 70-80% of my classmates.
I think the next logical point of attack for me to discuss would surround which opera we engaged with. This is the most important part. Just like most interactions, the first impression is the most important. And as a professor, that is a big task. You need to show us (your students) some of the most popular and captivating operas so that we are drawn to it. You need to try and wow us (even though I am easily wowed). You also need to not show us the best possible piece of the trade, or else your students may be set up for disappointment if they think all opera will be as good as this one. Personally, I think my professor did well. Looking at a totally definitive and set-in stone ranking by only one classical music website with no possibility of differing opinions allowed (no sarcasm found here), the opera chosen to be our gateway opera was ranked #2 all-time. That is comforting. If this ranking list was somehow ever able to be proven true, I could be reassured that I could lay my eyes on one piece that is considered better than the one I watched in my lifetime. And better yet, just because we watched #2, that does not mean that all the rest below are bad. It just means that in the eyes of that beholder, they are not as good, which could still mean these are excellent and grandiose spectacles of art.
The opera we watched was La Bohème. Speaking truthfully, the music, the set design, the acting, and the singing was flawless. The way opera singers can sing with such fullness and strength was just shocking. It felt as though iron lungs were placed in their bodies during set changes so that they would never run out of breath. I was amazed. In fact, I was so into it, I had to look up the spark notes of the plot while we just finished Act II because I did not want to wait a week and a half before we would finish it up. I also read a little about Giacomo Puccini, who wrote the opera and the score. I read about the history of the performances of La Bohème. I read about Luciano Pavarotti, one of the men most synonymous with the main protagonist. I read about other operas written during the time of La Bohème’s release. I looked up the most famous opera arias and listened to a handful of them to engage with the material better. I even went to the library and took out the sheet music for the opera and just flipped through it to see the complexity of the music for about a half an hour.
There was just something to it that touched the right chord. I guess I was just dying to find new music and try something new that I had come across opera at the exact right moment. Being so different, so grandiose, and so epic in comparison to the synthetic music of today just showed me how much more talent and how much more complex music was at the time. Music was not just something that sounded good. It was meant to envelop you, draw you in emotionally, play with your feelings, and take you on a journey. It was storytelling in the form of instruments and voice.
I could go on and on about the intricacy of the plot and what I think each part means and symbolizes, but I feel as though I would spoil too much. I want whoever is reading this to watch it for themselves and take it in the same way I did. What I will comment on is my favorite piece, and the characters themselves.
The best piece of the opera in my opinion is “Che Gelinda Manina.” It is part of the first act in which Rodolpho, the main character, tells Mimi that her hands are cold, as well as a glimpse into who he is. I think I like it so much, because as a male who had done theater in high school, I understand just how hard it is to sing in general. Then, expanding my range to hit high and low notes was almost impossible because I was never trained. It was all breathy and from the back of my mouth/throat which is the exact way one will get laryngitis. And so, it is safe to say that I was not a very good singer, but did my best for it to come out alright. Taking that one step further, if I had to sing opera, it would have probably gone a little like this: the first couple notes are alright. I begin to run out of breath. The notes are getting higher. I find myself getting red in the face. My voice cracks. The song is ruined. The crowd boos. Career ended.
And so, I have personal experience that I can resort to that demonstrates how difficult opera singing is. Even better, to be good at opera is almost impossible (for me). The voice control, the range, the strength, and the projection is just something I cannot do. It is also noteworthy to point out that my voice is not very suitable. I am still waiting for that burly man voice to kick in if it ever does. Regardless, it is just a piece of art and it is one of the most sentimental and touching moments of the entire show.
It was so good and resonated with me so much, I checked out the score for the song. Seeing it was too complicated for me to probably play, I humbly put the book back into its place and remembered that my piano skills are equivalent to a fourth grade beginner.
As for the characters, there are only six main figures. There are two love plots: Mimi and Rodolpho and Musetta and Marcello. Rodolpho and Marcello are very good friends, find themselves in the same situation in life, and are almost inseparable, but the differences between the two’s love lives are extremely evident. The love that Mimi and Rodolpho share is pure, eternal, and perfect. This heavily differs from Marcello’s, which is fueled by arguments, envy, and distrust. The other two characters are Schaunard and Colline, who are the remaining two men that live in Paris with Rodolpho and Marcello.
Ultimately, I would have to say Rodolpho is my favorite character. I think Puccini purposely makes the viewer choose either Rodolpho or Mimi, as the entire plot is mainly focused on the love dynamic of the two. And, given that I am a male, I feel a stronger connection to Rodolpho’s characteristics, his plight, his insecurities, and his problems. It is also easier for me to place myself in his shoes and experience his pain firsthand even though I am only just a viewer. There is something about him that I like so much. Maybe it is his purity and selflessness. Maybe I just like that he made the ultimate sacrifice to see someone he loves so happy. Maybe it is his ability to remain happy even though there is no money to his name. I am not sure. Maybe it is a combination of all three.
Regardless, I never expected that I would be able to dive so deep into opera in just a few class periods. Learning about this new (ironic) style of music has given me a whole new world to explore and has broken up the monotony of the everyday listens that are a part of my life. I hope that me showing a little bit about the joy this opera and opera in general has brought me has convinced you to listen to me. I know it may be hard to believe me, but trust me on this one.
You do not even have to go far to pick it up. If you are a University of Richmond student, faculty, staff, or friend of the library, you too could immerse yourself with the widecollection of all sorts of resources on La Bohème. Stop by soon, and maybe we can chat about it if I am at the front desk!
Editor’s note:Arachnophonia (“Arachno” = spider / “-phonia” = sound) is a regular feature on our blog where members of the UR community can share their thoughts about resources from the Parsons Music Library‘s collection.
The musical Les Misérables is the stage adaptation of Victor Hugo’s novel of the same name. The musical was initially written in French and first performed in 1980. After a short performance in Paris, Cameron Mackintosh produced an English-language version for British audiences. The DVD edition we have in our library is a copy of the recording on October 8th, 1995, the 10th anniversary of the musical Les Mis at Royal Albert Hall.
The story takes place in France in the early 19th century, about a French peasant’s desire for redemption. Jean Valjean was in jail for 19 years for stealing a loaf of bread and was released in 1815. Inspired by the Bishop, Valjean decided to break his parole and start his new life; however, a policeman named Javert refused to let him escape from justice but continued to hunt him for years. To avoid the wrath of Javert, Valjean found him in Paris on the eve of the 1832 Paris Uprising.
The release of the musical Les Misérables was overwhelmed by positive and negative comments, and some condemned the decision to convert classic literature into the musical. Nevertheless, the song “Do You Hear The People Sing?” is still on my playlist, and I will never forget the feeling when I first heard it.
Editor’s note:Arachnophonia (“Arachno” = spider / “-phonia” = sound) is a regular feature on our blog where members of the UR community can share their thoughts about resources from the Parsons Music Library‘s collection.
If you or a musician you know have ever learned a challenging piece, one of the most important things you can do to successfully practice is count as you play. Measures, rhythms, polyrhythms, fingerings, tempo… numbers are all over music, whether explicitly or hidden between the notes. What you may not realize is that the mathematics of music has been studied for thousands of years and is a widely expanding field today. In the book Mathematical Music: From Antiquity to AI, Nikita Braguinski explores this relationship from 550 B.C. to the present-day and future.
If this doesn’t sound interesting yet, here are a few fun facts from the book:
– The first machine entirely dedicated to “composing” music was designed around 1650 and combined random snippets of notes to generate a melody. Referred to as a “musical thinking machine”, this demonstrates just how long people have been using machines and mathematics to create music – hundreds of years!
– Some of the same names we know from calculus and other advanced math reappear on the music scene as well. Both Euler and Leibniz published works searching for the hidden mathematics behind what makes different ratios of frequencies (or intervals) delightful or unappealing to the human ear. Although they didn’t find anything concrete, they introduced the idea of listening as an art of subconscious counting.
– The (then) newly-formed Soviet Union had an intense interest in structural formalism in music and created multiple initiatives dedicated to art as a science. This coincided with an era of musical exploration into dissonant, atonal music and shows how the new revolutionaries distinguished themselves from the traditional Russian music of years past.
– Today, we have the computerized tool of neural networks, a deep learning AI technique to generate music on the spot given a certain style (or input parameter). Where do you think this will take music?
All of these stories, experiments, and techniques can be found in the Parsons Music Library. If you’re intrigued, be sure to check out this book along with others on the interdisciplinary nature of music.
