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History of the Jerks: Bodily Exercises and the Great Revival (1803–1967)
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Letter from John Steele to John Hemphill (February 16, 1802)

Letter from John Steele to John Hemphill (February 16, 1802)

1802-1804, Correspondence, Presbyterians, Western Kentucky University

“The news of our Country thro’ last season no doubt you have heard. I mean that concerning Religion. The meetings concerning this have been great. The Subjects affected in a very extraordinary manner. They fall down some as in swoning fits be quite motionless. Others are affected when they fall as if in a convulsive fit….”

Excerpt from the Joseph Brown’s “Biographical Sketch” (ca. 1803)

Excerpt from the Joseph Brown’s “Biographical Sketch” (ca. 1803)

1802-1804, Autobiographies & Biographies, Tennessee Historical Society

“I was taken with the Jirks and the impresson was followed with power….”

Excerpts from the Journal of Robert Breckinridge McAfee (April 21–August 12, 1804)

Excerpts from the Journal of Robert Breckinridge McAfee (April 21–August 12, 1804)

1802-1804, Dancing Exercise, Diaries & Journals, Falling Exercise, Presbyterians, Western Kentucky University

“The religious people now have the Jirks which operates like Hickups….”

Newspaper Article from the [Richmond] Virginia Argus (October 24, 1804)

Newspaper Article from the [Richmond] Virginia Argus (October 24, 1804)

1802-1804, Anonymous/Unknown, Library of Virginia, Magazines & Newspapers, Other/Unknown

“There is one species of these ‘religious exercises’ which are certainly involuntary, and they have spread from the camp and other religious meetings, in an alarming manner. These are called ‘the jerks.'”

Minutes from the Records of the Lexington Presbytery (November 6, 1804)

Minutes from the Records of the Lexington Presbytery (November 6, 1804)

1802-1804, Church Records, Other Bodily Exercises & General References, Presbyterians, Union Presbyterian Seminary

“[The Presbytery] is hereby enjoined on all the members of this Presbytery to prevent as far as may be in their power, all extraordinary bodily exercises which appear voluntary & ostentatious…”

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