1805-1809, American Antiquarian Society, Autobiographies & Biographies, Barking Exercise, Dancing Exercise, Falling Exercise, Laughing Exercise, Methodists
“These strange exercises that have excited so much wonder in the western country came in toward the last of the revival, and were, in the estimation of some of the more pious, the chaff of the work. Now it was that the humiliating and often disgusting exercises of dancing, laughing, jerking, barking like dogs, or howling like wolves, and rolling on the ground, manifested themselves….”
1805-1809, Books, Essays & Treatises, Dancing Exercise, Falling Exercise, Laughing Exercise, Presbyterians
“We ought, however, to have remembered that bodily convulsions, the jirks, &c. are never mentioned in scripture, as evidences of a graceless state, or a delusion of the devil; nor yet as evidences of a work of God’s grace. In a religious view, we ought to have thought but little of them….”
1805-1809, Historical Society of Pennsylvania, Presbyterians
“Preached to a mixed multitude of Seceders, Presbyterians, Baptists, & Methodists. One took the jirks, another old lady shouted. People in general were serious….”
1805-1809, Diaries & Journals, Western Kentucky University
“[John Bryant Sr.] While feeling opposed [to Shaker worship practices] was taken with the jirks…. He seized a buckeye sapling, but was jerked into willing obedience & now has full faith in dancing!”
1810-1815, Christians/Disciples of Christ, Dancing Exercise, Diaries & Journals, Falling Exercise, Laughing Exercise, Other Bodily Exercises & General References, Union Presbyterian Seminary
“[T]he subjects of this work receive no damage or injury whatever, and the most of them are exceedingly happy when they are thus exercised…. One may ask…, can they not be happy in religion and have the jirks?”