Editor’s note: Arachnophonia (“Arachno” = spider / “-phonia” = sound) is a regular feature on our blog where members of the UR community can share their thoughts about resources from the Parsons Music Library‘s collection.

Today’s installment of Arachnophonia is by student manager Amy (class of 2025) and features Pachelbel’s Canon in D. Thanks, Amy!

Johann Pachelbel – Canon in D

Canon in D Explained

When wedding music is discussed, the song that comes to almost everyone’s mind is Johann Pachelbel’s Canon in D. The simple baroque era piece is everywhere, from TV shows to playlists to lists of the best pieces of classical music of all time. But it’s eight bars of music 28 times, how is it so popular?

I’ll explain. Pachelbel and his musical career are not well-known. The original composition of Canon (and Gigue (yes, there is a second movement to this piece)) in D was most likely written around 1680, but not published until the early 1900s. The piece fell to the wayside, pushed out of the spotlight by composers like Vivaldi, Bach, and Handel (no malice towards these very fabulous composers, their music is beautiful as well).

However, the piece was picked from obscurity by French composer Jean-Francois Paillard when he conducted a recording of Canon in D in June of 1968.

In a New York Times article, the conductor and organist at the Cathedral of St. John the Divine in New York, Kent Tritle, said the piece just became popular through that recording, just by happenstance. It was then featured in the Academy Award-winning film Ordinary People, which catapulted it to further stardom.

However, the thing that sealed the deal of Canon in D as the perfect wedding song was Prince Charles and Princess Diana’s wedding in 1981, which used a baroque processional, shining a light on other baroque composers from long ago.

Canon in D is simple, at its core. And that’s what made people love it. Its use of four instruments and natural progression from simple, quiet notes to a swell of instruments gives an intimate feel to the piece.

It’s also simple, musicality-wise. This canon created what is known as the Pachelbel Progression, which is the same eight chords, typically in a major key, repeated over and over again, which are all built upon the same bass line. The bass line of this canon is an ostinato or a continually repeated musical phrase. In the case of Pachelbel’s canon, it’s the same eight notes all throughout the bass line. These chords are then seemingly played in a round-like way so each instrument plays a similar if not the same melody starting at different times, in this case, that’s the canon part of this piece.

The piece is also simple enough to arrange for any set of instruments, string quartet, organ, keyboard, etc., the only thing holding someone back is the occasion. It is also simple enough for a walk. In a traditional wedding, the bride walking down the aisle is nervous, thus having a steady four-count beat to keep her up and something to focus on makes it so much easier on her. It also makes it easy for her to take her time on her walk, there isn’t a set end to Canon in D, since it is a canon and has the same eight chords, it can just be played forever if needed.

So, in the end, there’s a reason Canon in D is the “wedding song.” It’s simple to play, never-ending, and just a good time. It might be overhyped, but it is near and dear to the hearts of many, including me. This was the first “real” piece of music I learned when I started playing the cello. My aunts were finally allowed to get married and they wanted me to play something for them. My cello teacher at the time pulled out a wrinkled copy of the bass line of Canon in D and let me use it. The notes were easy enough and something I could handle, and it sounded beautiful. Who knew eight notes thrown together would sound so right?

To pick up the score of Pachelbel’s Canon in D, Variations on the Theme from Canon in D is available at the Parsons Music Library.