Teaching Civics with Children’s Literature: Duck for President

Fed up with Farmer Brown’s demands to pitch in and help with the farmyard chores, ambitious Duck decides things have to change, and so he proactively decides to stage an election to take charge.  In Duck for President by author Doreen Cronin, Duck begins his ascent to great political heights one step at a time.  Once he’s taken over the farm, he finds that it is hard work, so he then tries the governorship and wins.  He again becomes restless and decides to run for President, and wins the presidential election.  However, he finds that with great power comes greater and greater responsibilities – and headaches.  “Running a country is no fun at all,” he remarks.  The story concludes with Duck returning to the simpler life he once enjoyed on the farm, writing his autobiography.

As the ultimate “outsider” candidate in each of the elections, Duck demonstrates the principal that America is comprised of a great diversity of people (and animals), all of whom can make a contribution to their community.  The story will doubtless resonate with young children who are all too familiar with hearing their parents ask them to help with household chores and wish to change things.  Duck’s message is to stop complaining, make a stand, and help make a difference.  However, Duck finds that it’s much harder work when you are given larger responsibilities.  Throughout his rise to power, the book’s humorous treatment of the political process – voting, campaigning, tallying the ballots – gives young children an accessible look inside the electoral process and an understanding of the level of commitment needed to hold government office.  Math skills are utilized throughout the text via tallies following each election.

Curriculum Connections
This book’s light treatment of the electoral process would make it a great introduction to civics for kindergartners, and would allow for an expansion of basic civics ideas for first and second graders.  Kindergartners can get some simple insight into the political process (including some idea of how hard the president’s job is) (K.9), while first and second graders could build upon their existing knowledge of elections to understand more about the responsibilities of being in office, how candidates campaign, and the voting process (1.10, 2.10).  First and second graders will also learn how people (or ducks, in this case) can make a difference in their communities (1.12c, 2.12). 

Additional Resources

General Information
Book:  Duck for President
Author:  Doreen Cronin
Illustrator:  Betsy Lewin
Publisher:  Atheneum
Publication date:  2008
Pages:  40 pages
Grade range:  Kindergarten, First and Second Grades
ISBN: 0-1416958002

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Teaching Physical Science with Children’s Literature: Springs

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Introduction and Summary:

 Springs by David Glover is an easy to read book that explains of functions of many different types of springs. The book is filled with many pictures and illustrations and every other page provides a “fact file” about springs. This book offers clear definitions for compression and tension. It highlights the use of springs in doors, beds, chairs, locks, umbrellas, pens, scales, bicycles and even staplers.

 Curriculum Connections:

 This book can be used as a starting point to a lesson on simple machines and how they function. Perhaps by first asking students how many springs they think might be in their classroom. It is a good resource in reference to SOL 3.2(b) types of simple machines and 3.2(d) examples of simple and compound machines found in the the school, home, and work environments. It is appropriate for demonstrating how simple machines are everywhere and that people use them every day. The book also provides a glossary of terms on the last page.

Additional Resources:

How Springs Work: website that explains how springs work, what they are made from and what they are used for.

Simple Machines Lesson Plan: lesson plan that briefly discusses Leonardo da Vinci and his use of simple machines.

Simple Machines Activity: in this activity students have to decide which simple machines to use to try to repair a house.

General Information:
Book: Springs
Author: David Glover
Publisher: Rigby Interactive Library
Publication Date: 1997
Pages: 24
Grade Range: 3-4
ISBN: 1-4034-0060-1

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Teaching Process Skills with Children’s Literature: The Science Book of Water

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Introduction and Summary
The Science Book of Water
by Neil Ardley is a book of experiments that help students understand some of the different properties of water, such as buoyancy, density, displacement, surface tension, evaporation, etc.  Ardley starts the book explaining what water is and how it is essential to life.  The experiments can be easily done in the classroom or at home because most households will have the supplies needed. Also, most of the experiments can be done in four to six simple steps. One experiment called “Floating and Sinking” shows how objects, such as marbles and modeling clay, will sink to the bottom of a bucket. However, if the modeling clay is shaped in the form of a boat, it will float because of the water it displaces. There are twelve other experiments in this book.

Curriculum Connections:

The Science Book of Water would be an excellent book for students in grades 2-4.  The experiments are perfect for teachers to use in order to get students engaged by making predictions about what will happen in the experiment.  Since the experiments are simple in nature and number of steps, students will be able to see how properties of water work thus improve their skills of observation.  Prior to each experiment, I would explain the design of the experiment and have the class make predictions about what would happen.  Then I would perform the experiment, or have the class perform it.  Once the experiment is done, I would have the class explain what they observed.  (VA SOL 2.1a,g,l; 3.1b,g; 4.1a,e,l)

Additional Resource:

Water and plants.  This site has hydroponic experiments for children in the classroom.

Water Vocabulary.  This site lists elementary school terms for water.

Water Play? A Lesson a Day!  This site has 31 water experiments for children.  Just scroll down to “Water Play? a Lesson a Day!”

Water Videos.  This site has 7 video experiments involving water’s skin and surface tension.

Book: The Science Book of Water
Author: Neil Ardley
Photographer: Clive Streeter
Publisher: Harcourt Brace & Company
Publication Date: 1991
Pages: 29 pages
Grade Range: 2-4
ISBN: 0-15-200575-7

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Teaching Geography with Children’s Literature: Madlenka

“In the universe, on a planet, on a continent, in a country, in a city, on a block, in a house, in a window, in the rain, a little girl named Madlenka finds out her tooth wiggles."  In her tiny corner of the globe, Madlenka finds that she can travel around the world by visiting her multicultural neighbors on a New York City block as she tells them about her big news. Madlenka by author-illustrator Peter Sis shares a common human experience that everyone can relate to, regardless of where they came from or where they presently live.

As she talks to each of her neighbors and they greet her in their native tongue (“Hola!,” “Buon Giorno!,” “Guten Tag!”), Madlenka tells the readers what she knows about their cultures and countries of origin.  When she greets Mr. Eduardo, the Latino greengrocer, for example, she imagines a tropical landscape full of animals and luscious fruits.  As you turn the page following each interaction with a neighbor, we see how their stories take flight in Madlenka’s imagination as she envisions herself immersed in their culture.  Her trip around the block entices young readers to explore different cultural experiences in their own backyards, and helps communicate the complimentary ideas of commonality and uniqueness among people.

This book makes learning geography a more intimate and accessible journey for young children.  A small red dot pinpoints Madlenka’s exact location on the world map, a map of Manhattan, and a neighborhood map in the introductory pages.  A world map at the end of the book grounds the lesson nicely by showing children precisely where Madlenka’s neighbors came from.

Curriculum Connections
This vividly detailed picture book would be suitable as an introduction to geography for kindergarten and first grade students.  For kindergartners, it provides a basic introduction to world cultures and will help them understand and use simple maps and globes (K.4, K.5, 1.4).  The book’s playful treatment of world cultures and language would allow first graders to better comprehend the diversity of American culture (1.12c) while reinforcing basic geography lessons and the locations of continents on a world map.

Additional Resources

  • Peter Sis’s personal website features information about the author and illustrator, as well as games for children, including a Madlenka matching game which asks users to link her neighbors to the multicultural greetings used in the book.  It also mentions a follow-up book entitled Madlenka’s Dog in which Madlenka revists her neighbors.  A teacher’s guide is provided and would prove a valuable resource in further lesson planning.
  • National Geographic Kids “People and Places” is a perfect website for students to learn more about the cultures and countries mentioned in the book.  Facts, photos, videos, maps, and national flags are all easily accessible.
  • PBS Kids Big Apple Historyis a fun resource for older students, but use of this site would require advanced reading skills and/or direct teacher supervision.  A great section that could be adapted for use with younger students is the activity entitled “Neighborhood Portrait,” where educators could guide a discussion about the special qualities of a neighborhood:  the people, the cultures, the physical environment and structures, and the “feel” of a community.
  • As an artful lesson component, a kindergarten map activity can guide students as they create a “community collage” and discuss where they live in their community.

General Information

  • Book:   Madlenka
  • Author/Illustrator: Peter Sis
  • Publisher:  Farrar, Straus, and Giroux
  • Publication Date: 2000
  • Pages: 48
  • Grade Range:  Kindergarten and First Grade
  • ISBN:  0-374-39969-7
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Teaching Process Skills with Children’s Literature: Amelia Bedelia, Rocket Scientist?

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Amelia Bedelia, Rocket Scientist? written by Herman Parish and illustrated by Lynn Sweat, tells the tale of the day that Amelia Bedelia volunteers to be a judge at the science fair after her boss, Mr. Rodgers, mistakenly calls her a rocket scientist.

While at the science fair Amelia Bedelia meets Dr. Dinglebatt, a professor, who will also be judging the science fair.  While looking at the student’s projects Amelia Bedelia comes across a leaf blower that is used to demonstrate how a flying saucer flies, however the student’s model flying saucer is stuck in the basketball hoop so Amelia Bedelia uses her bonnet instead.  Along the way Amelia Bedelia comes across a student, Jason, who forgot baking soda and vinegar for his model volcano, but lucky for him, Amelia Bedelia has some baking soda in her purse. While Jason goes to find some vinegar Amelia Bedelia decides to help him by adding the entire box of baking soda to the volcano.  When the vinegar is added, the volcano makes a huge mess all over the room. To clean it up, Amelia Bedelia uses the leaf blower but ends up blowing the toupee right off Mr. Dinglebatt’s head!  Mr Dinglebatt gets very upset with her and leaves the room. But he returns with a new invention inspired by Amelia Bedelia blowing his toupee off his head.  All is forgiven and every eats the delicious pie Amelia Bedelia baked earlier that morning.

Curriculum Connections
Amelia Bedelia, Rocket Scientist? is suitable for 2nd though 4th graders and compliments Virigina SOL 2.1.  It is written in the third person view.  This book could easily be used to show how accidents and mistakes can lead to scientific discoveries.

Additional Resources

  • This pdf file has 7 pages of activities like comprehension, word searches and crossword puzzles, that can be used directly with the book.
  • This website offers three observation activities that could be used as an introduction to observation.
  • This is a worksheet to be used during in class experiments.

Book: Amelia Bedelia, Rocket Scientist?
Author: Herman Parish
Illustrator: Lynn Sweat
Publisher: Greenwillow Books
Publication Date: 2007
Pages: 64 pages
Grade Range: 2-4
ISBN-10:
0060518898

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Teaching Process Skills with Children’s Literature: A Second is a Hiccup

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A Second is a Hiccup

Author: Hazel Hutchins

Illustrator: Kady MacDonald Denton

This book is a good resource for helping young students learn how to measure time and understand different lengths of time.  The author uses fun ways of telling time in order to make learning how to measure it simple and exciting.  For example, as in the title, the author says that a second is like the length of a hiccup, or "The time it takes to kiss your mom/Or jump a rope/Or turn around (pgs. 2-3).   She goes on to explain measures of time for a minute, an hour, a week, a month, and finally, a year.  The author also makes the book interesting by incorporating rhyme into her explanations.  For example, to explain the length of a week, she explains that a week is "Seven wake-ups, seven sleeps/Close your eyes and do not peek/But you'd never/ Ever ever/Stay asleep for one whole week" (pgs. 12-13).

Curriculum Connections
This book is important in helping students with process skills because it relates to measurement, which is an important part of science. Knowing how to measure time is an important element of learning science concepts as well as how to conduct one's own science experiments.  For example, knowing how to measure time helps students to better understand things such as when the Earth came into existence and when certain species first appeared on Earth.

Additional Resources

  • This PDF file actually has activities to do with the book "A Second is a Hiccup" that will help students learn about the book's concepts.

This link provides elementary school teachers with ides on helping children understand concepts of time and how to estimate.

3. http://www.proteacher.com/090092.shtml

This is another resource that helps teachers with ideas for activities in order to teach students about measuring time.

Book: A Second is a Hiccup
Author:
Hazel Hutchins
Illustrator: Kady MacDonald Denton
Publisher: Arthur A. Levine Books
Publication Date: 2004
Pages: 32 pages
Grade Range: K-2
ISBN: 0-439-83106-7

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Teaching Process Skills with Children’s Literature: A Picture Book of Thomas Alva Edison

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Introduction and Summary
A Picture Book of Thomas Alva Edison
, written by David A. Adler and illustrated by John & Alexandra Wallner, is about the life of Thomas Edison. Thomas was a very curious boy who asked lots of questions to everyone around him. He loved finding out answers himself as a child when someone else could not answer a question. For example, Thomas wanted to find out if HE could hatch eggs by sitting on them just like the mommy chickens. When Thomas sat on the eggs, he broke them all! Thomas learned from his experiment that he could not hatch eggs. As Thomas grew up, he continued to conduct experiments and eventually created inventions such as the light bulb, the stock ticker, and motion picture camera. He became known as the ” Wizard of Menlo Park”.

Curriculum Connections
This book could be used to introduce young elementary students to science experiments. It explores the concept how to observe then ask a question and discovering the answer (SOL K.1 G) (SOL 1.1 G).

Additional Resources

  • Thomas Edison Coloring Page from Crayola:  This page is a coloring page that has a paragraph to summarize Thomas Edison’s life at the bottom. It would be a great review of Edison’s life after listening to a story.
  • Menlo Park Museum :This site is about the home of Thomas Edison the “Wizard of Menlo Park”
  • Timeline:  Here is a timeline that chronologically displays the events of Edison’s life

Book: The Picture Book of Thomas Alva Edison
Author: David A. Alder
Illustrators: John & Alexandra Wallner
Publisher: Holiday House
Publication Date: 1996
Pages: 30 pages
Grade Range: Kindergarten-2nd grade
ISBN: 0-8234-1246-6

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Teaching Process Skills with Children’s Literature: Science Fair Bunnies

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Introduction and Summary
Clyde and Rosemary are best friends and partners for their science fair project in Science Fair Bunnies, written by Kathryn Lasky and illustrated by Marylin Hafner.  The only problem is that their plants have died that they were using for their experiment.  Not knowing what to do, Clyde suddenly gets an idea when he feels his loose tooth over breakfast.  He calls and asks Rosemary if she would like to do an experiment using their teeth.  The only catch is that no one can decide if they want to use their tooth for “science or the Tooth Fairy”. In the end Clyde and Rosemary both choose science.  Their choice pays off because their project wins a blue ribbon.  Clyde explained to the Tooth Fairy in a dream “We did it for science”.  The next day he had a shiny coin and his tooth under his pillow.

Curriculum Connections
This book would be a great source to teach students scientific reasoning, logic, and science by performing investigations.  During these investigations, predictions are made based on observations. (SOL 1.1h) These observations are recorded as data, analyzed, and communicated orally with graphs, pictures, numbers, and written statements. (SOL 1.1i) The book also describes and gives a great example of a simple experiment that is conducted to answer questions. (SOL 1.1j)

Additional Resources

Book: Science Fair Bunnies
Author: Kathryn Lasky
Illustrator: Marylin Hafner
Publisher: Candlewick
Publisher Date: 2000
Pages: 32
Grade Range: 1-3
ISBN: 0763607290

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Teaching Science Process Skills with Children’s Literature: What Do You Do With a Tail Like This?

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What Do You Do With a Tail Like This? is a great book written by Steve Jenkins & Robin Page. It is filled with fun facts about various animals and is beautifully adorned with unique texturally appealing die-cut-paper collages. Each page features different animals body parts (ears, eyes, noses, tails, mouths,etc.) and poses the question "What do you do with a ___ like this?” This format allows for the reader(s) to observe, infer, and predict what animal the body part belongs to and what unique purpose it may serve that animal. Asking the reader the questions before revealing the answer allows the readers to communicate and collaborate amongst each other in regards to reaching an answer. The page following the question page shows the body part attached to the correct animals along with a brief description of what that body part does for the animal.

Example: Page 1 shows the nose of a platypus and page 2 shows the whole platypus along with the following statement: If you’re a platypus, you use your nose to dig in the mud.

The book follows this format for several pages, although the last 4 pages provide smaller thumbnail pictures of the animals and more detailed information & unique facts about each animal for the curious learner!

Curriculum Connections
This book would be an excellent book to read aloud to the whole class or in small group instruction because it allows for student interaction. The pictures are captivating and the facts about each animal are informative and range from funny, to strange, to gross which will help to keep even the most inquisitive students engaged. This book could be used to introduce elementary students to new animal species and it also provides the reader with a chance to explore the concept of observation and prediction prior to the discovery of an answer. What Do You Do With a Tail Like This? is suitable for grades k-2 because it allows the reader to choose the depth at which each animal is explored. However, I think this book would be most engaging for the younger set. This book compliments VA SOL K.1 (a), (b), (c) ,and (g).

Additional Resources:

  • This fun quiz allows students to match animal body parts with the animals themselves.
  • This website provides fun easy coloring sheet templates that can be printed for student use.
  • This teacher created site provides a WebQuest that can be conducted by the students after reading What Do You Do With a Tail Like This?

Book: What Do You Do With a Tail Like This?
Authors: Steve Jenkins & Robin Page
Illustrator: Steve Jenkins
Publisher: Houghton Mifflin Books for Children
Publication Date: 2003
Pages: 32 pages
Grade Range: K-2
ISBN: 0439703840

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Teaching Process Skills with Children’s Literature: Boy, Were We Wrong About Dinosaurs!

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Boy, Were We Wrong About Dinosaurs!, written by Kathleen Kudlinski and illustrated by S. D. Schindler, aims to show children that many theories about dinosaurs have been created throughout the years based on fossils and other various evidence.  However, and more importantly, it also shows that many of these theories that were once believed to be true, later turned out to be disproved by contradicting evidence.  Scientists discussed in the book made small mistakes, such as the one made regarding the Iguanodon fossil that was thought to be a spike on the dinosaur’s nose, but later turned out to be the animal’s hands.  On the contrary, they also made HUGE mistakes that concerned not just one, but the entire species of dinosaurs, like the one regarding their legs.  At first, scientists thought that dinosaurs “could only waddle clumsily on all fours” with elbows and knees that pointed out to the side like a lizard.  Evidence we have today proves that these huge creatures had legs that were straight under them, thus causing some to be “as fast and graceful as deer.”  Boy, were they wrong about dinosaurs!

Curriculum Connections
As an instructional tool, this book is a realistic, yet very kid friendly, introduction to the formulation of thought that drives the creation, and sometimes dissolution, of scientific theory.  It relates strongly to the Science Standard of Learning 3.1 parts (a) (b) and (j).  Scientists worked constantly to uncover new elements that would solidify what was already thought or not thought about the behavior, bones and characteristics of dinosaurs.  Predictions were made based on fossils, feathers, tracks, and other findings.  Through repeat observation, scientists could sometimes further make more concrete conclusions.

Additional Resources

  • Museum of The Rockies: A great site displaying additional resources relating to the continued discoveries made about dinosaurs.  It consists of blogs, books, DVD’s, other children’s books, and websites about dinosaurs.
  • Learning from the Past: A great website for educators to link this book with others like it.  In doing so, the site works to highlight ways to learn from the past.
  • Biology For Kids: This site can be helpful for teachers and students to better understand the process of scientific discovery.  In sharing Boy, Were Wrong About Dinosaurs! with children, this site can aid in explaining reasoning, questioning, evidence, and the creating and disproving of theory.

Book: Boy, Were We Wrong About Dinosaurs!
Author: Kathleen Kudlinski
Illustrator: S. D. Schindler
Publisher: Dutton Children’s Book
Publication Date: 2005
Pages: 27 pages
Grade Range: K-3
ISBN: 0525469788

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