Teaching Sorting Skills in First Grade

Introduction:

 VA SOL 1.20 requires that the student sort and classify concrete objects according to one or more attributes, including size, color, shape, and thickness. This mathematical concept is stimulated by the student's exploration of their environment and most children begin to develop concepts related to sorting and patterns before they enter school. Recognition of similarities and differences as well as comparisons are essential components of children's mathematical development.  The focus of instruction at the primary level and the role of the teacher is to help students understand the classification process in which two or more attributes connect or differentiate sets.

The resources below are best used with students in the early elementary years, primarily first grade.

 

Text Annotations

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Harriet’s Halloween Candy by Nancy Carlson.

This is great book to use when talking/introducing the concept of sorting. This book is a fun one to read and I’m sure that first graders would adore the story that Harriet has to tell. In this story, Harriet (a young puppy) learns the hard way that sharing her Halloween candy makes her feel much better than eating it all herself and that sorting the candy makes it easier to divvy up. This book would be great to read prior to conducting a sorting activity with candy (sorting Jellybeans or gummi bears is a popular sorting activity).

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Sorting by Henry Arthur Pluckrose.

This book features colorful, vibrant photographs and clear concise text that is interactive with the reader. This book would be a great resource for a unit on sorting or to use as a review for a lesson on patterns. I would read this book aloud and show students each page. I would then reread the book although the second time I would ask students how they would sort the various items on each page.

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Grandma's Button Box by Linda Williams Aber. This book was such a fun lovely story for first grade students learning about sorting. The book tells the story of a young girl, Kelly who accidently drops her grandmother's box of buttons over, scattering the buttons across the floor. Kelly and her cousins work furiously sorting the buttons, first by shape, then size, and finally by color in an effort to return the button box to the original condition their grandmother had it in. Ultimately the story reveals that the grandmother never had the buttons organized and she is quite grateful for the organization her grandkids bestowed upon the buttons. This is a great book to read prior to having students sort their own items by shape, size, and color, which is one of the games I used in my instructional resource set.

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Sort It Out! By Barbara Mariconda.

A cute story about a pack rat who comes home with a cart full of stuff (a locket, a book, an umbrella, a pinecone, and many more random items) and is forced to sort it all out and put it away by his mother. The book describes the process Packy the rat used to sort all the items, including grouping things with like characteristics such as where they’re found, their color, shape, etc. The illustrations are really fun because they are brightly colored, large, and very clear and children of all ages will enjoy looking at each page.

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The Button Box by Margarette S. Reid.

In this book a  young boy narrates and talks about the contents of a special box at his grandmother’s house. As it turns out the box is full of buttons his grandmother has collected year after year. Throughout the pages the boy describes and examines the various buttons, telling what he imagines and knows about them. As he does this he ultimately ends up sorting them by unique attributes thus making this book an excellent book to read during instruction about sorting. This book would be a nice prelude to an activity where students sort buttons by different attributes (round, square, two-hole, three hole, color, etc.).

Web Annotations:

Candy Sorting Game

This interactive game allows students to sort candy based on its shape. This game ties is nicely with lesson plans that incorporate the sorting of Halloween candy or other candies (jelly beans, M &Ms, or gummy bears). It is fun for students to play and gives audible directions which is nice and effective for first graders.

Online Attribute Blocks Game

Allows students to practice sorting attribute blocks by color, shape, and size. A checking features gives the student feedback about the answer before the student can move on to a new question.

SORT Game

A fun interactive game that gives clear concise directions to students. The directions include sorting items into the appropriate columns depending on specific characteristics (happy/sad, red/blue, big/small, etc.). Features big font and fun sound effects, which makes it fun for young students!

Size Sorting Game

A fun online game that has players choose which items are bigger and which are smaller while taking the player on a journey through an animal filled barnyard!

Sorting by Color!

A website with option for students to choose from. Each option links to a different online game that requires student's sort items by color.

 

Additional Resources

Sorting Ideas Webpage

A great website for sorting ideas and "real life" manipulatives that could be used for sorting activities.

Sorting Song

A website that features a fun song about sorting by size, color, and shape. Would be fun for kids to listen to and recite as they work with the concept of sorting.

Shape Sorter Online Activity

A really neat interactive shape sorter game that the teacher can set up for students to use. Allows the user to set up specifications for sorting by a number of attributes. Also has a venn diagram for comparing and contrasting purposes.

What doesn't belong activity?

A page about sorting sets and identifying what items don’t belong in a set.

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Teaching Addition and Subtraction Facts in First Grade

This post is meant for first graders learning basic addition and subtraction facts suited for VA SOL 1.5:  The student will recall basic addition facts with sums to 18 and the corresponding subtraction facts.  The following books may be useful in teaching this topic to students.

Text Annotations:

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The Action of Subtraction by Brian Cleary and illustrated by Brian Gable is a kid friendly resource that describes to students the meaning of subtraction by giving several examples which are easy to understand.  The text explains that “Subtraction is an action that will make your total less.”  It explains the term “minus,” and that “is” means “equals” in their number sentences. 

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Mission Addition written and illustrated by Loreen Leedy provides excellent pictures and child friendly examples.  It explains the terms “addends” and “sum” in simple language.  This resource asks students questions throughout and the answers are provided at the end of the book.

55302772_a.jpgYou Can, Toucan, Math written by David Adler and illustrated by Edward Miller, is a colorful fun book for kids.  This resource reviews addition, subtarction, multiplication, and division.  This text provides examples of addition and subtraction for children utilizing problems involving toucans, pelicans, and hens.

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Domino Addition by Lynette Long, would be an excellent resource for teachers who have lesson plans involving dominos.  This text would be a great way to introduce domino use in the classroom.  It demonstrates how adding the amounts on the top and bottom half of dominos can give kids the total number.

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 Math Potatoes, written by Greg Tang and illustrated by Harry Briggs, is a highly interactive text for students.  The author offers riddles which pose a problem to the students, offering them helpful hints along the way.  Students who find ways to group numbers will find their answers much easier!  At the end of the text, the author provides answers and tells students helpful ways to solve each problem. 

Web Annotations:

Basic Addition Facts Exercise: This website provides an interactive game for students in which they count how many bugs, snails, etc on two leaves.  The the animals move to the third leaf and the students add to get the total.

UFO Mystery: This interactive game for students ask them to click on a UFO on the right side and then click the right answer.  After students answer all the items correctly they see what is hidden.

Sum Sense: Single Digit Subtraction: In this interactive activity, students drop number cards into a number sentence to make “sum sense.”

Hidden Picture: This interactive game provides students with answers to addition equations and asks them to select the appropriate number sentence to reveal a hidden picture of an iceberg.

Rabbit Takeaway: In this interactive activity, students are shown rabbits on the screen and asked to type in the answer when a certain number of rabbits is taken away.  This game has two levels.

Additional Resources:

Add it Up Lesson Plan: This lesson plan is designed to teach students to use manipulatives to solve addition problems while recognizing the symbols of addition and equal value.

Center Activities: This website provides students the ability to practice their addition and subtraction skills by participating in center activities.  This link reviews several activities teachers can utilize as well as all of the attachments needed for each one.

Math on a Roll: This link provides activities with which students can utilize dice to build their math skills.

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First Grade Money

Measurement

SOL 1.7 The student will:

a.) Identify the number of pennies equivalent to a nickel, a dime and a quarter ; and

b.) Determine the value of a collection of pennies, nickels, and dimes whose total value is 100 cents or less.

Recommended Books

Bunny Money by Rosemary Wells is a wonderful book that teaches children just how fast money can be spent. It’s grandma’s birthday, and Ruby knows exactly what grandma would love-a beautiful ballerina box.  Max also knows what she’d love-a scary pair of ooey-gooey vampire teeth.. Ruby has a saved up  a wallet full of bills, but as unexpected mishap after mishap occurs, money starts running through the bunnies’ fingers.. will they have enough left for the perfect present?

One Cent, Two Cents, Old Cent, New Cent by Aristides Ruiz: Book Cover

One cent, two cents, old cent, new cent by Bonnie Worth and illustrated by Aristides Ruiz and Joe Marthieu really teaches money from the beginning.  This books talks about where money comes from, how you use money,  and all of the different forms of money.

Book Cover

The Story of Money by Betsy Maestro and illustrated by Giulio Maestro is a cute story about how money came about. How come a tiny sliver of yellow medal is worth more than a big loaf of bread, and a little piece of  green paper is worth more than either? Betsy and Giulio Maestro explore the many forms money has taken around the world, from barter doubloons to greenbacks to credit cards.

Book Cover

The Money Tree by Sarah Stewart and illustrated by David Small is a cute book. It is about an extraordinary tree is growing in Miss McGillicuddy’s yard! Month after month, its leaves-which come in all denominations – attract people from far and wide. Will this strange harvest ever end?

Can I Have Some Money? Max Gets It! by Sparks Candi: Book Cover

Can I have some Money?: Max Gets it! by Candi Sparks and illustrated by William Graf. This book  is about a 10 year old boy names Maximillion. It is all about him wanting money, how he made it and what he did with it. Children in this age group will love it.

Website Recommendations

United States Mint: Is a wonderful website for teachers and children to learn about money. There are many lesson plans and activities all search-able by grade. If you go to the kids tab, and select games, there are more than enough games for every child in your class. There games are also search-able by grade level.  One game I specifically like is DollarDive.

Escape from Knab– This website is a fun game about getting enough money to return to planet Earth.  ” you are about to take off on an adventure to the strange and silly planet Knab. Make the right financial choices and find your way back to Earth.

The Piggy Bank Game-Select the coins you need to match the total. For each correct answer, you’ll fill the piggy bank a little bit more. You have to count quickly as the coins build up. If you take too long, the game will end.

Change Maker-The perfect game to practice making change for a customer. You are given the total sale and the amount paid. You must determine the total change to give and which coins to use.  This game has several levels of difficulty so you can use this game for those struggling to those more advanced.

Keep the Change– These are word problem games for the more advanced student.The online money word game gives you a story and a total dollar amount. From the clues you need to determine how many of each type of coin are needed

Additional suggested Resources:

The United States Mint- has wonderful lesson plans, children games, printables etc.Coin enthusiasts, school teachers, and parents across the country and around the world are linked to the United States Mint through usmint.gov.  Much information about past, present, and future coins is available here with just a few clicks.  Parents can be sure that great care has been taken to make usmint.gov a safe place for children.  Educators of all kinds can find information and teaching tools in abundance here, including lesson plans and classroom ideas created by teachers.  And kids of all ages can enjoy the site’s games, activities, and historic research opportunities.

Home School Math- Homeschool Math has several worksheet generators that can create a variety of worksheets for you. You can customize the worksheets with many varied options, so can make them easy or difficult according to the student’s level, with lots or less problems, with big or small fonts, etc. Each time you get a different worksheet since they are generated randomly. Choose a topic from the menu below.

TLS Books- Welcome to tlsbooks.com, where you’ll find a variety of free first grade worksheets for home and school use.  Our first grade worksheets are intended to enhance your child’s skills and introduce new concepts in a fun, stress-free manner.  Depending on your child’s abilities, you may wish to refer to our kindergarten and second grade worksheets for further practice.

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Math: 1st Grade Addition and Subtraction Facts

An important part of first grade math is learning addition and subtraction facts. Students need to develop an understanding of the relationship between addition and subtraction as well as develop strategies for quick recall of facts. This post includes some of the best resources for helping students learn addition and subtraction facts to 18.

Books

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Math Fables Too
by Greg Tang
Illustrated by Taia Morley
This book is math and science all in one.  Students will learn interesting facts about the behavior of animals such as bats, archerfish, and seagulls, they will develop their vocabulary and learn addition facts. Students are presented with a number of animals grouped in different ways.  For instance 4 herons are all together, then 3 use a feather and 1 uses a twig to lure fish to the surface of the water.  There are many excellent teaching opportunities in this book.

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Math-terpieces
by Greg Tang
Illustrated by Greg Paprocki
In this book math is combined with art history. Each page focuses on a famous work of art by artists such as Degas, Warhol, and Pollock. Each page has groupings of objects related to the painting. Students are asked to add together the groups to get a certain sum. Students also get the opportunity to see how three or more groups can be used to get the desired sum. Tang tells students how many ways it is possible to get the sum and provides all the illustrated answers in the back of the book.

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Mission: Addition
written and illustrated by Loreen Leedy
This is a very well illustrated and engaging book with stories that students will love. Leedy includes all the basic concepts of addition including definitions, place value, horizontal and vertical computation, adding groups of the same things and groups of different things, as well as incorporating word/story problems throughout.

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Subtraction Action
written and illustrated by Loreen Leedy
The same characters from Mission: Addition appear in Leedy’s subtraction book. This is a great book for teaching the concept of subtraction. Leedy covers all the basics of subtraction including definitions and showing each step of a subtraction problem. She uses numbers, words, and pictures to tell subtraction stories.

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Subtracting with Sebastian Pig and Friends On a Camping Trip
by Jill Anderson
illustrated by Amy Huntington
In this book some of the things that Sebastian and his friends need on their camping trip are disappearing. Each page spread tells of a missing item. “Where Are the Worms? There were seven worms. Now there is just one! How many worms are missing?” Each problem in the story is represented in the text by a word problem and also in Sebastian’s notebook where he writes the number sentence, draws a picture representation of the problem and then lists the addition facts from that family. Students who pay attention will see that it’s a group of mice who are taking the campers things.

Websites for Students

Addition Word Problems is a great activity for students to get experience solving story problems. If a student enters an incorrect answer they can click on the button “Explanation” and they will see a written explanation of the problem, a strategy for solving, and the number sentence for the correct answer. When they are finished playing they will get a summary of their time and how many problems they solved correctly.

Alien Addition is an arcade style game where students must use the arrow keys to move back and forth firing the laser “sum” at the spaceship with the corresponding number sentence. Students may select the range for facts as well as the speed of the game. At the end of each stage students get a summary of hits and misses (incorrect answers). Misses show the student’s answer and the correct number sentence. Minus Mission is the subtraction version of Alien Addition.

Sum Sense is a subtraction game that challenges students by giving them three number cards that they must arrange into the correct number sentence. They can choose the number of problems they want and a time from one to ten minutes to solve. If the student answers incorrectly they are told to try again.

Hidden Pictures can be played with either addition or subtraction facts. Students solve problems to uncover a photograph. The photos are of animals in their natural habitats and a short description is given for each one.  Addition Concentration is also a fun game on this website.

Funbrain includes several games that are great for practicing addition and subtraction facts. Line Jumper gives students the visual of a number line for solving addition and subtraction problems between 1-20.  Students can play Tic Tac Toe against the computer with addition or subtraction facts. In Math Baseball students solve addition or subtraction problems to move around the bases and score runs. A one or two player version is available.

Additional Resources for Teachers

Mathwire.com is a great source for addition and subtraction classroom games and templates you can use for assessment or as center activities. The site also includes good ideas and resources for incorporating writing in math.

The NCTM Illuminations site has a large collection of lesson plans for teaching addition and subtraction. Each lesson in the list is actually a unit plan that contains up to five related lessons.

UEN.org provides a great resource for games and centers that will help students practice their addition and subtraction facts. Templates in pdf form are included for all the games as well as background information, instructional procedures, assessment plans, and extension ideas.

There are some good short video clips on addition and subtraction that you could incorporate into lessons or use at listening stations. Many use music and interesting visuals and could be helpful for students who are having difficulty remembering certain facts. Here are a few good videos that I have found: Adding and Subtracting Song, Adding 9 + 1, Doubles Doubles, and Five Bees, which also counts in Spanish.

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Second Grade Math: Addition and Subtraction

Introduction:

The mathematical topic for this post is meant for second graders who are recalling addition facts to sums of 20 or less and the corresponding subtraction facts.  The focus is number relationships and is based on VA SOL 2.5.  The following books are resources that children can use in order to sharpen their addition and subtraction skills.

Recommended Books:

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Icky Bug Numbers 123 written by Jerry Pallotta and illustrated by David Biedrzycki and Rob Bolster is a book that takes children from zero to ten and on each number, there is a corresponding number of bugs.  On 0, there are no bugs.  On numbers 1 through 10, each number has a different bug.  For example, there is one ant on the 1; there are two butterflies on the 2; there are seven spiders on the 7, and so on up to number 10.  What’s neat about the next section of the book is that Pallotta mixes the bugs on the numbers so children will understand the idea of sets.  On the number 7, there are four spiders, one dragonfly, one lady bug and one moth.  Despite the fact that there are four separate bugs, the total number of bugs is still seven.  The book also contains skip counting odd and even numbers to twenty and simple addition equations where the child will add groups of bugs together.  The end of the book concentrates on subtraction.  There is a spider that is capturing flies in its web.   Pallotta introduces simple subtraction equations in reference to the bugs the spider has cocooned or eaten.  I think second grade boys will really like this book.  The illustrations of the bugs are amazing, and some are pretty creepy.  The book is perfect for addition facts to 20 and corresponding subtraction facts.

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Math for All Seasons written by Greg Tang and illustrated by Harry Briggs is a book of 16 addition and subtraction riddles.  Students can solve the riddles by counting objects or grouping objects on the page.  The author encourages children to find quick ways to solve the riddles by grouping then adding or subtracting.  The illustrations of objects such as, tulips, butterflies, umbrellas, dandelions, etc. are beautiful.  Each riddle is a rhyme so the book could be considered cross-curricular as far as reading.  Tang explains the best way to solve each riddle at the back of the book.

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The Mission of Addition by Brian P. Cleary and illustrated by Brian Gable is a book about adding sums.  “6 yellow buses were parked in a line, 3 pulled behind them, and then there were 9.  Along came 4 more, and that made13.  If you got that right, you are an adding machine!”  All of the scenarios in this book engage students in adding a sum, then adding more to that sum to get a total.  It breaks down addition equations into simple terms.  Examples are: “numbers climb from low to high,” “add means to increase,” “plus can be used just like and,” and “equals can be used like is, or totals, or makes.”  Children learn how to add numbers together rather than counting objects.  The book is well illustrated and easy to read.

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The Grapes of Math by Greg Tang and illustrated by Harry Briggs is a book of math riddles that encourages students to group like objects into sets, then add the sets together to forms sums or subtract groups in order to find the difference.  Objects in this book are ants, strawberry seeds, camels humps, dice, etc., and the illustrations are wonderful.  There are a total of 16 riddles in this book and answers are in the back.  There are groups that total sums higher than 20 so it may be more a little complicated than the book Math for All Seasons by the same author.  The riddles are in a rhyme format and Tang gives clues to help the students group objects as opposed to counting.

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Math Appeal by Greg Tang and illustrated by Harry Briggs is another book that offers children great practice in addition and subtraction.  Tang uses riddles to challenge children to see patterns in numbers.  The patterns are located on beautifully illustrated objects such as, peas in pods, red hot chili peppers, clovers, geese, etc.  Patterns can be determined by colors, shapes, or pure number of objects.  Every riddle is a rhyme that challenges students to see the pattern, group the sets of objects, and then determine the sum or difference depending on what the riddle asks. Like his other books, each of the 16 riddles are different and the answers can be found in the back of the book.  This book would be a great challenge for students who have mastered the VA SOL 2.5 because many of the sums and differences are above 20.

Recommended Websites:

Countdown and other games such as, Give Me Time and 20 Questions are excellent practice for students on need to brush up on their addition facts to 9+9.   Simply scroll down to “Play” and choose any one of the three games.  You can navigate from this page to practice subtraction facts and learn about inverse relationships of addition and subtraction.

The Timernator is a great site for addition and subtraction.  Kids practice math against the clock.  It helps them develop addition and subtraction skills without the pressure of being timed in a classroom environment.

Addition Game-fishing is a fun site where children get to catch the fish that equals the correct sum.  There is also the Subtraction Game-fishing where children get to catch the fish that equals the correct difference.

Addition Concentration is a fun game that is played just like Concentration.  You select an addition problem from the left set of squares and then try to find the correct answer from the set of squares on the right.  A smiley face pops up when you get the correct answer.

Mathcar Racing is a site where children can practice addition or subtraction.  The child will race against another car by determining the sum or difference that provides the highest total out of the the choices of math facts on the board.

Duck von Fly is a subtraction game that specifically focuses on subtraction facts between 1 and 20.   The objective is to keep Duck von Fly up in the air by choosing the correct difference of a subtraction problem.  The answers are multiple choice.

Additional Resources:

Two Dice Sums is an activity that can be played in the classroom or the home.   It was a favorite activity developed by Marilyn Burns for the classroom.

Math word problems as well as several different lesson plans, activities and worksheets are listed on this site.  The link is to the word problems page but there are links on this page that will navigate to other activities and worksheets.  This would be a great site for teachers.

Super Teacher Worksheets is an excellent site for fun games and activities that teachers can print off for their students.  This link takes you directly to the addition page.  You can easily navigate from this page to other math topics such as subtraction.

Hotchalk is a site for lesson plans and activities for teachers.  This link will send you to a list of plans and activities for addition and subtraction.

Math Fact Cafe is a website where teachers can build grade specific fact sheets or download pre-made grade specific fact sheets.  It’s a good site for assessments and it also contains games for classroom activities.

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First Grade Math: Counting Money

Introduction
This mathematical concept is meant for first graders who are learning about money and its value.  Students need to understand that 5 pennies equal a nickel, 10 pennies equal a dime, etc.  Also, they need to learn what amounts and types of coins add up to 100 cents or less. In this plan I intend to help students learn the value of different coins and how they can add up to 100 cents (a dollar) in a variety of ways through a book, centers and certain websites with games they can play either in centers or at another time.  I also want them to see the importance of money in the real-world and realize that their parents probably use some form of these coins daily.The actual SOL is:SOL 1.10 The student will a) identify the number of pennies equivalent to a nickel, a dime, and a quarter; b) determine the value of a collection of pennies, nickels,and dimes whose total value is 100 cents or less.

Text Annotations

51bxvuecopl_sl500_aa300_.jpgHow Much is $1? 

  • This book seemed like a great resource for showing students what coins, in different combinations, can add up to one dollar. It even came with a Pocket chart with a piggy-bank stencil plus a storage pocket for money cards. Can be used for K-3, but in this case it would of course be used for first grade and specifically for SOL 1.10.

51olmh6fql_sl500_aa300_.jpgMy First Book of Money

  • This book,"My First Book of Money", seems to be a great way to introduce students to the way money works and how it relates to counting in general. It shows students examples of how to count coins in various ways.

54369389jpg.jpegOne Cent, Two Cents, Old Cent, New Cent

  •  I think this book by Dr. Seuss would be a great way to get students thinking about money, how it works, and the fact that it is something used all over the world. In addition, it is written in the typical way of Dr. Seuss, which students would enjoy.

Find Out Reader: Counting Money 

  • This book is fairly short but packs quite a bit of information into it and shows the equivalencies and values of coins and money in general. It is easy for first graders to read and helpful in getting them to grasp concepts such as different coins’ values.

penny-pot.jpg The Penny Pot

  • This is a fun book for students to read because it is about a teacher who paints children's faces at a carnival for 50 cents. Students must face the dilemma of not being able to get their faces painted because they have made other purchases; if they want to, they have to wait until the penny pot has been filled by other students. The book shows multiple types of children having to learn to count money and understanding that money is limited and one can't buy everything he or she wants.

Web Annotations

  • Counting Different Coins – I really liked this lesson plan idea (and some of the other ones on that site) because it helps students realize that money is connected to the real world and I feel the students would enjoy it.
  • Money Worksheets With Pennies, Dimes, Quarters  – I thought this website could be useful for its worksheets in assessing students' understanding of money; I especially liked the worksheets where students work with either pennies, dimes, quarters, etc. such as this one .
  • Webquest: Counting Money – This is an awesome webquest about counting money for grades K-2 with many different activities for students, ranging from videos about coins and what each coin looks like to various worksheets.
  • Counting Money – This is an interactive activity/game where students are presented a certain combination of coins and have to type in the total amount of cents shown. The game tells the students whether they are right or wrong and also shows the front and back of coins so that students learn what the coins look like from both sides.
  • Math Money  This website had a ton of games and activities for students to participate in when trying to learn about money.  I thought this would be a great resource to have on hand for extra practice for students as well as for students who might finish a math activity early in class.

Additional Resources

  • Smartboard–Making Change – This is a link to a great smartboard created b another teacher where students must figure out how much change needs to be given back to buy, for example, a Hershey bar.   It even has an example where the student's have to deal with a "cashier" and figure out how much change they would get back.
  • Suggestions for Manipulatives and other Resources for the SOL – Under 1.10B, there are suggestions for manipulatives that I would like to use in my instructional resource set; real money, objects with price tags, and money bingo.  There are also great suggestions for books, technology resources, and other resources.
  • Math Worksheet Generator – This website is a great resource for teachers to use to create worksheets for addition, subtraction, fractions, etc.  In my case, there is a worksheet generator to create a 100's chart which can be used to help students understand counting money.  The site takes you step by step through what you want on your worksheet and comes up with a finished product at the end.
  • Counting Activities  – This link has a whole host of activities linked to the 1.10 SOL for learning to count money. This could be a good resource to have handy for students who finish their work early or for students who need extra practice either in the classroom or at home if they have computer access.
  • Counting Game – This is a great game for students to play to reinforce learning to count money.  One great thing about it is that it has easy-medium-hard levels so all students can play it comfortably no matter what their ability level is.
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First Grade Math: Number and Number Sense

Here are some books that can assist with the instruction of numbers and number sense.  All of them are easy to read and provide excellent images to help students obtain a better understanding of numbers and their relation to place value.

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One Hundred Hungry Ants  written by Elinor J. Pinczes and illustrated by Bonnie Mackan is a story about one-hundred ants on their way to eat the food at a picnic.  While traveling to the picnic one ant decides they will get there much faster if they divide into two rows of fifty.  After walking for a short time the ant decides they should divide into four rows of twenty-five then five rows of twenty and finally ten rows of ten.  This book is a good resource for a lesson introducing base-10 blocks

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Greater Estimations  by Bruce Goldstone is a picture book that asks students to estimate how many items are in each picture.  The beginning of the book shows rubber duck in groups of ten and all the ducks lined up in a row of one-hundred. This book also uses popcorn kernels and groups of sky divers to give students a better understanding of number sense.

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Millions of Cats by Wanda Gag is a story about a man who ventures out into the countryside to find a cat for his wife.  Once there he finds hundreds and thousands of cats and decides to bring them all home.  The cats get to his house and start to fight over which one of them is the prettiest and after all the fighting only one cat is left.  This book is perfect for showing students how big and small numbers can be and the language is very easy to read.

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More M&M’s Math written by Barbara Barbieri McGrath and illustrated by Roger Glass asks students to drop the candies out of their bag and use a graph to count the number of each color they have.  This book is excellent for teaching ordinal numbers.

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Sir Cumference and All The King’s Tens written by Cindy Neuschwander and illustrated by Wayne Geehan is a story about Sir Cumference and his wife Lady Di preparing to have a surprise birthday party for King Arthur.  But things get out of hand when so many guests show up that they have trouble counting them all.  They decide to make the guests stand in rows and columns to make the guests easier to count.  The guests are then placed in tents with each tent representing a place value.  This is a great book to read to students before a lesson on place value.

Websites for Kids

Hacker’s Numbers is a interactive online game that challenges students to make larger numbers than Hacker.  The student must place a number in the hundreds, tens and ones.  This game is allows students to practice place value.

The Cats in Line is an online activity that asks students to identify the ordinal number of the orange cat in a line of gray cats.  This site is good for helping students gain an understanding of ordinal numbers and their relation to a set of objects.

The “Less Than” Lake Maze is a game that challenges students to help a monster cross a lake by jumping from one numbered stone to another stone with a lower number on it.  If the students move to a larger number the monster falls in the lake.

Guess the Number is a game where the students can pick a number range (i.e. one to fifty) and then guess which number the computer has selected.  With each turn the computer tells the student higher or lower and then provides a smaller range.  The object of the game is to see how many turns it takes the student to guess the right number.

Enter Your Number is and interactive online math activity that allows students to enter any number then want that then have the computer tell them the place values of the numbers within the number.  This site also has the option of generating a number for the student to challenge them.

Additional Resources

Bring It is an awesome online resource to support instruction for teaching one-to-one correspondence and other early elementary math skills such as addition, subtraction and even skip counting.  This activity also offers a two player mode for students working in teams.

Estimation Exploration is an offline activity that asks student to estimate the amount of items in a jar or other container.  This activity assists students with gaining number sense and uses physical objects such as shells, jelly beans or foam balls.

Counting Votes is another offline activity where the teacher asks students to help him/her create a list of vegetables on a large piece of paper.  Then using small cups and counter chips the students get to vote for which vegetables are their favorites.  The teacher writes the number of votes next to each vegetable and the students get to count their total number of votes for each vegetable.

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Teaching Economics with Children’s Literature: The Economy

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The Economy written by Terence O’Hara gives an in-depth look at the economy of the United States and includes topics such as, free enterprise, the law of supply and demand, how businesses work, business cycles, and different types of economies from around the world.  This book is an excellent introduction into how our economy works because it gives readers real-world examples of the topics listed above.  For example, in explaining supply and demand, O’Hara talks about the “Playstation 2” video gaming system.

In 200o, the Sony Corporation came out with Playstation 2, the hottest home video gaming system ever.  If you could find it in a store, it cost anywhere between $100 and $200.  The problem was you couldn’t find it in any store.  Demand was so high…that sores ran out of them.  But the demand for the new game machines didn’t go away just because the supply was limited.  So the cost went through the roof. (p. 23 & 24)

Some other real world examples are how Henry Ford created the first assembly line when it came to building cars.  Now all car manufacturers use the assembly line in order to produce automobiles.  In the section of “how businesses work,” O’Hara talks about how banking helps our economy grow, from small independent contractors to large corporations.  Banks take a risk by lending people money in order to start businesses.  This leads into the topic of “business cycles.”  If banks take too much of a risk, it can cause banks to fail which can lead us into a bear market or even a depression.  O’Hara gives a progression of how the economy used to be in the past and gives fact-based information on how our economy has evolved.

Curriculum Connections
This book would be good for teachers to read to students who are in upper elementary classes due to its technical nature.  There are several terms which would not be suited for younger elementary students, such as capitalism, inflation, bull and bear markets, globalization, etc.  The book does talk about cost and opportunity cost.   “There are no free lunches…everything, even if you think it’s free costs something.  Every decision a person makes is rooted in cost-benefit analysis: in other words, what will it cost me and what will I get out of it?” (p.25)  He gives the example of a student sharpening her pencil.  Her writing might be clearer but she may interrupt the teacher. (VA SOL 3.9)  Several of the topics involve our use of natural resources, such as corn.  He talks about human resources, such as the industrial revolution, and capital resources, such as robots installing fiber optic cables in sewers.  (VA SOL 2.7)  This book expands on those SOL.  There are no illustrations in the book but there are good pictures of past and present.

Additional Resources

  • MoneyInstructor.com is a website dedicated to teaching elementary students about money.  Topics are “Basic Money Skills,” “Earning and Spending,” “Saving and Investing,” etc.
  • Economics Fun and Games is an interactive website for kids.  There are several games kids can play on this site relating to economics.
  • Lemonade Stand This is a website dedicated for games in economics.  Also good for developing math skills.

Book: The Economy
Author:
  Terence O’Hara
Publisher: Chelsea House Publishers
Publication Date:
2002
Pages:
64 pages
Grade Range:
3rd-6th
ISBN:
0-7910-6641-X

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Teaching Economics With Children’s Literature: 26 Letters and 99 Cents

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Introduction and Summary

26 Letters and 99 Cents is a great introductory book for students regarding money. It goes through multiple ways of making different amounts of cents, such as 6 cents (6 pennies, or 1 nickel and 1 penny).  Each example shows the number next to the examples, which show actual coins so students start understanding the coins’ values.  Examples go up to 99 cents. This is a great way to introduce the concept of money to students and help them understand its value.

Curriculum Connections

26 Letters and 99 Cents can be used to go with SOL K.7, where students begin to recognize that money is what people use to buy goods and is an important things to understand. This book is a good resource and can be used in teaching introduction to economics or even in mathematics.

Additional Resources

Scholastic had this great extension activity to do with the book once the students have read it. 

Here is a lesson plan called Number Cents where students get to work with real nickels and pennies like they saw in the book. 

Lastly, this is a lesson plan where the book can even be utilized while teaching second graders. 

General Information

Book:  26 Letters and 99 Cents

Author:  Tana Hoban

Illustrator:  none

Publisher: Mulberry Books

Publication Date: 1987

Pages: Grade Range: K-1

ISBN: 0-688=06361-6

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Teaching Economics with Children’s Literature: Estela’s Swap

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Introduction and Summary
Estela’s Swap written by Alexis O’Neill and illustrated by Enrique O. Sanchez,is about a young girl from Santa Ana named Estela. She is selling her music box at the Swap Meet for ten dollars so that she could pay for folk-dancing lessons that Estela has beein saving for all year. Estela learns how to bargain as she walks the meet with her father:

“As the seller, you name a price that’s a little more than what you are willing to take. That way you have room to bargain.

Estela encounters a old woman across the street who enjoys listening to the music box while sewing a skirt. As Estela begins bargaining with customers, a strong wind blows through the Swap Meet. Estela runs to help the old woman across the street who is selling paper flowers as they all blow away. As Estela grabs the tent, her music box falls to the ground. Estela  ignores her music box as she attempts to collect the flowers for the old woman. The woman gives Estela back her music box which is relatively unharmed from the wind. Estela decides to give the woman her box so that she can listen to music while she makes more flowers for the next Swap Meet. At the end of the Swap Meet, the old woman gives Estela the skirt she had been working on. Estela is very excited about her first swap and looks forward to next time to learn how to sell.

Curriculum Connections
This is a great book to introduce concepts of economics to young elementary students.  Key vocabulary could include goods, buyer, seller, money, savings, and barter . The book explores concepts of bargaining as well as selling to gain money in order to buy something else (SOL K.7b, 1.7, 2.8). Estela decides to sell her music box because she wants lessons, so she gives up something in exchange for something else (SOL 1.8). Students will enjoy learning about saving money for a specific item (SOL 1.9). A civics lesson is also incorporated into the story as Estela helps the old woman with her flowers even though she puts her own sale of the music box at risk (SOL 1.10a, K.8e)

Additional Resources

Book: Estela’s Swap
Author:
Alexis O’Neill
Illustrator: Enrique O. Sanchez
Publisher: Lee and Low Books
Publication Date: 2002
Pages:  29
pages
Grade Range: Kindergarten-2nd grade
ISBN: 1584300442

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