The story of the founding of Virginia is extremely dark and violent. The colonization of Virginia was a craze for power and a lack of human respect. The colonies thought that they had divine right to the land, and therefore divine right to murder and steal from the natives. The land that is now Virginia was originally Tsenacomoco. The history of Virginia is filled with bloodshed, which is something I was not previously aware of. I was not taught much about Virginian history in school or about Native American history as a whole. I was surprised to learn that the driving force of greed among the colonizers was masked as religious values. Although the settlers had no regard for non-English life, they saw nothing wrong with what they were doing.
Author: Kaylee Wyrick Page 3 of 4
We started our discussion by going around and saying our name and the name of the person whose story (from WOWO) that we are focussing on.
Julie McConnell represents youth and adults who were first arrested as juveniles. Before law school, she did a lot of work with the Virginia ACLU and inmates on death row. She was a public defender and prosecutor, and now she teaches in the law school here at the University of Richmond.
For first-time youth offenders, the case will most likely stay in juvenile court.
2nd offense: If found guilty of a felony it will stay on the child’s record for life. Misdemeanors can be expunged after 5 years of good behavior
- Some jurisdictions will charge the children as adults, while some try to keep the case in juvenile court.
- If it was a non-violent crime, less likely for incarceration.
- Children charged with grand larceny can be allowed out on an ankle monitor but for violent crimes, the ankle monitor is not an option.
- For a 16-17-year-old, it is up to the prosecutor whether to try the person as a juvenile or an adult.
- There are ways to dismiss charges after a period of supervision if the juvenile is young enough.
- The juvenile equivalent of jail is juvenile detention.
The individuals that we will be working with are in the post-sentencing stage. Most are serving 6-month sentences
- 5 months are served in the center.
- 1 month is served back at home but with a lot of supervision and stipulations.
- Many projects in Richmond. Culture of conflict between projects, and it carries into adulthood.
Brain science plays out a lot in the real world
- Science proves that the vast majority of people in the justice system age out of violent tendencies by their mid-30s.
- Early intervention is crucial, and it makes a huge difference.
Julie: Meeting our class can help the youth we’ll be working with. Interacting with people who have gone down a different path can create new positive role models and aspirations.
Family Therapy is key to youth rehabilitation
- Kids are held accountable.
- The parent needs to be held accountable as well.
- Many of the children don’t know their father
Show up for the people we’re working with
- If you say you’re showing up, show up.
- Don’t over-promise.
- Accept them, and be mindful that they are intelligent.
- Take advantage of the chance to learn from them.
- It’s going to take time to build trust and understanding with them.
- Be encouraging, and don’t assume that they are bad people just because they are incarcerated.
Policies shift between governors and presidents
- Large ideological shifts.
- Grants outside of the current ideologies often won’t get funded.
- There is a current focus on higher sentencing.
- Value in diverting cases away from court, in some circuits this is now banned
Q & A:
- Answer to Ana’s Question: Reaching out to the youth’s schools can be extremely beneficial when mixed with therapy because many solutions are right there in front of them. Connecting the youth with low-cost or no-cost extracurriculars can be very rewarding as well. Opening their eyes to options outside of video games or troublemaking is important.
- Answer to Will L’s Question: Julie and her students went through Azeem’s case and helped him to be granted a retroactive sentencing and eventually he was paroled. Julie and her clients visit clients, get to know them, and help them with their cases. She works with 10 students who each work on about 2 parole cases a semester.
- Answer to Professor Dolson’s Question: Once incarcerated there is no right to legal help, so the work that Julie and her students do is truly amazing. They do the work pro bono, and the going rate for a parole case is about $20,000. There is a racial disparity in the justice system, and pro bono work in Virginia is low.
- Answer to Julia’s Question: Students working in Julie’s clinic get a lot of credit, grades, and volunteer hours. But there is no monetary compensation.
- Answer to Angelos’ Question: Funding for these programs comes from various Virginia contracts (Department of Juvenile Justice mostly), families sometimes pay, and all clients are on Medicaid.
- Answer to Wesley’s Question: Restorative justice helps balance the focus between the victim and the perpetrator. Putting yourself in someone’s shoes gives the opportunity for greater understanding. The system is not very focused on reconciliation, unfortunately. The system should be more victim-centered. This could lead to a decrease in crime. It helps with closure.
Question for Julie McConnell: You and your students represent clients on a pro-bono basis, what is the process of selecting cases to represent consist of?
PREP: Who are the incarcerated youth?
The Conversation Article:
- I did not realize how many juveniles were tried as adults or given life sentences without parole.
- Thinking about the perpetrator’s perspective does not necessarily diminish the victim.
- Negative attitudes towards juvenile offenders caused the increase in JLWOP but that is changing more recently.
Post-D Program:
- A good alternative to JLWOP or Juvenile incarceration.
- Try to get to the root of the problem; the program really cares about rehabilitation.
- Strict criteria to meet.
The Atlantic Video:
- The facility was designed with adult offenders in mind.
- The facility is the only one like it in the entire state of Virginia.
- The facility is at least an hour away from most families, and many are advocating for a closer location.
- The facility was not built with youth rehabilitation in mind (empty cells are used).
I thought that the lunch with Terence, Kelvin, and David went really well and was extremely insightful. I was surprised that they (especially Terence) were extremely interested in what our goal was in the class. Their goal while writing differed, and our goal as a class seems to be to learn and grow as people. Hearing the men talk about how much they cared and the difference they wanted to make with readers was truly eye-opening. I’m very grateful that they spent time with us, and that they were so open and honest.
I agree to the class commitments.
1. (For either Terence or Kelvin) Both of you grew up in less-than-ideal situations, and as children you were subject to things that children usually are not and should not see. Do you think that if there had been intervention by social services your life may have gone a different way? And if so do you think that social services failed you as children, or do you think that intervention would have been irrelevant?
2. (For Kelvin) Years after you finished your memoir, you were rearrested for marijuana possession. When buying, did you ever see yourself in or relate to the person you were buying from? Did you ever consider that you were contributing to a system that had previously hurt your life?
After finishing “Writing Our Way Out”, I can sincerely say that I’m happy that we read this book for class. I was hesitant about it at first, but after getting further into the story it was almost impossible to put down. The authors became great storytellers, and it was interesting to see how they progressed throughout the book. One of the authors whose story caught my eye was Naji Mujahid. His story spoke to me the most, and I was happy to see how far he had come by the end of his story.
Naji was a child when he and his brother found their mother dead. It was heartbreaking for him, and he remembers her funeral in detail. After the death of his mother, he was sent to live with his grandmother since he didn’t know who his father was. Nani’s grandmother was extremely abusive and treated Naji horribly. He was told that if he reported her behavior it would only get worse. He tried to get away but the system failed him and he was always returned to his grandmother. He caved love and attention, and he went looking for it in the wrong places. Eventually, he found the love and happiness he craved, but the problem was that he found these feelings in cocaine.
Naji is sent to jail for breaking and entering while trying to fund his drug habits. He just wanted to fit in after being physically and emotionally abused for his whole life. He’s in prison and considering suicide, but instead, he makes a commitment to learning. He joins the Nation of Islam and eventually becomes a part of the 5% Nation. He becomes arrogant and argues with those who aren’t a part of the 5% Nation. Eventually, he starts to become disenfranchised with the group and decides to borrow a Qur’an from a fellow inmate. He reads it and it changes his life forever. He left the 5% Nation and converted to Islam. He changes his name to Naji Mujahid to further distance himself from his past.
He’s released from prison and starts to care for his grandmother, despite everything she put him through. His new-found religion allows him to forgive her and work towards peace within himself. He struggles with his faith but eventually is released and starts his life again. He has brief legal troubles due to a weed-related charge, but he wants a better life for himself. He found writing therapeutic, and it helped him come to terms with many of the things he went through. I loved reading about his ups and downs, and I felt honored to be able to read his story. He wasn’t perfect, but I still believe that his story is inspiring.
“Writing Our Way Out” has been a great read so far. Coogan is a volunteer from Virginia who works with incarcerated men in a writing workshop. He went into the class with a plan and specific idea but quickly realized how hard it is to truly plan for a project like this. He worked with the men on their writing and invited them to tell their truth. He helps the men explore their childhood, family relations, and where they grew up. He wanted the men to dive deep into themselves in order to truly learn how they ended up in prison and in whatever situations they found themselves in. This book is great so far, but it is definitely a hard read. When some of the men talked about the things they went through and how they were treated, it made me sick to my stomach. It’s obvious that things the men experienced led them down the path they ended up on, and as the reader it makes you wonder what could have been different. Some of the stories are heartbreaking, and they truly humanize the men. Often, people in prison are disregarded in society and seen simply as criminals. These memoirs help show that these are real people with feelings and stories.
After reading the portfolio guide, I am much less nervous about what the course has in store. Before reading the book, I had only ever heard of art portfolios so I was confused about what a writing portfolio might look like. Now I know that there are two main types of portfolios. They can either be physical or online. Online portfolios have more opportunities to include materials to help showcase yourself, such as music, pictures, or videos. There are various ways to organize each one, and I’m excited to learn which type of portfolio we will be making this semester.
I thought that the articles were extremely interesting as well. I believe that storytelling is innate to humans, I just think that how we tell stories differs from person to person. You can tell a lot about someone from the way they tell stories, so I can see where storytelling as a child affects our later personalities. Storytelling is a way to not only socialize but to learn. Making sure that children and people overall have good storytelling interactions is a huge way for us to grow together as a society.
This is a response to the Daily Class Notes of 8/31
I really liked the flow of the conversation we had as a group in class. We went from talking about our past experiences to how we hope our future experiences within the class go. When it came to our past experiences, people made great points about leadership and how someone usually steps up to the plate so to speak.
We then talked about how there are certain leadership qualities that a person or people might have such as:
- Keeping people on task
- Being a “grounding” force
- Listening to ideas
- Having respectful discussions
Everyone who spoke agreed that working in a group (as long as everyone does their share of the work) is one of the best ways to get things done and to work towards a common goal. Our discussion highlighted how there needs to be an emergent leader for the group to function the best as well. When talking about emergent leaders one of our classmates told a story of when their friend was an emergent leader and was able to plan a trip for them.
Toward the end of the conversation, we talked about grading policies and how different ones work. Most students are used to a more standard grading system, but some interesting ones were brought up and conversations happened around them. One grading system that was mentioned was a contract system. The contract system allowed students to think about their attendance and the effort they wanted to put into a class. If you miss one class and put in a certain level of effort, you can agree to get an A. If you miss many classes and barely put in any effort you can agree to get a D. Basically you decide what your grade is, but you must agree to and meet certain criteria. Another grading system brought up was a more “secret” system. Students don’t know their grades, instead, they just know that they have to be on their best behavior and try their hardest. People agreed that it would be nerve-racking, but that it has the potential to be a good system.
Grades are something that is on everyone’s minds, especially at the University of Richmond. During the discussion today I believe that our class was able to come together once again for a great discussion where many great ideas/stories were shared. We talked about how it’s truly the mastering of skills that are reflected in grades. With this mastery in mind, I believe that this semester is going to be a learning curve for us all, but overall it will be a great learning experience.