{"id":38,"date":"2018-10-31T08:26:04","date_gmt":"2018-10-31T12:26:04","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blog.richmond.edu\/template-mus122\/?page_id=38"},"modified":"2018-12-14T10:00:37","modified_gmt":"2018-12-14T15:00:37","slug":"introduction","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/blog.richmond.edu\/mus238-06\/","title":{"rendered":"Introduction"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>[et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; admin_label=&#8221;Hero Section&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;3.0.84&#8243; use_background_color_gradient=&#8221;on&#8221; background_color_gradient_start=&#8221;#ff6a88&#8243; background_color_gradient_end=&#8221;#ff99ac&#8221; background_color_gradient_direction=&#8221;131deg&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;82px|0px|0|0px|false|false&#8221; animation_style=&#8221;slide&#8221; animation_direction=&#8221;top&#8221; animation_intensity_slide=&#8221;2%&#8221; animation_starting_opacity=&#8221;100%&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221;][et_pb_row custom_width_px=&#8221;1440px&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0|0px|0|0px|true|false&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;3.0.84&#8243;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;1_2&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;3.0.47&#8243; parallax=&#8221;off&#8221; parallax_method=&#8221;on&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;3.0.83&#8243; text_font=&#8221;||||||||&#8221; header_font=&#8221;Playfair Display|700|||||||&#8221; header_text_color=&#8221;#ffffff&#8221; header_font_size=&#8221;60px&#8221; header_line_height=&#8221;1.5em&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;||||||||&#8221; header_3_font=&#8221;||||||||&#8221; header_4_font=&#8221;||||||||&#8221; header_5_font=&#8221;||||||||&#8221; header_6_font=&#8221;||||||||&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||20px|&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h1>Spice and Cheetah: Girl[s] Power[s] the Market<\/h1>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_divider color=&#8221;#f7d584&#8243; divider_weight=&#8221;3px&#8221; height=&#8221;10px&#8221; disabled_on=&#8221;on|on|off&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;3.2&#8243; max_width=&#8221;80px&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;left&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||20px|&#8221; animation_style=&#8221;slide&#8221; animation_direction=&#8221;bottom&#8221; saved_tabs=&#8221;all&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221;][\/et_pb_divider][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;3.0.83&#8243; text_font=&#8221;Poppins||||||||&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;rgba(255,255,255,0.8)&#8221; text_font_size=&#8221;18px&#8221; text_line_height=&#8221;1.8em&#8221; header_font=&#8221;||||||||&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221;][\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=&#8221;1_2&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;3.0.47&#8243; parallax=&#8221;off&#8221; parallax_method=&#8221;on&#8221;][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; admin_label=&#8221;About Us&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;3.0.84&#8243; custom_padding=&#8221;0|0px|0|0px|false|false&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221;][et_pb_row custom_padding=&#8221;25.28px|0px|0|0px|false|false&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;|||&#8221; use_background_color_gradient_1=&#8221;off&#8221; use_background_color_gradient_2=&#8221;on&#8221; background_color_gradient_start_1=&#8221;#ff6a88&#8243; background_color_gradient_start_2=&#8221;#9599e2&#8243; background_color_gradient_end_1=&#8221;#ff99ac&#8221; background_color_gradient_end_2=&#8221;#8bc6ec&#8221; background_color_gradient_direction_1=&#8221;35deg&#8221; background_color_gradient_direction_2=&#8221;115deg&#8221; background_color_gradient_end_position_1=&#8221;100%&#8221; padding_right_1=&#8221;60px&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;3.0.83&#8243; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;1_2&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;3.0.47&#8243; padding_right=&#8221;60px&#8221; parallax=&#8221;off&#8221; parallax_method=&#8221;on&#8221; use_background_color_gradient=&#8221;off&#8221; background_color_gradient_start=&#8221;#ff6a88&#8243; background_color_gradient_end=&#8221;#ff99ac&#8221; background_color_gradient_direction=&#8221;35deg&#8221; background_color_gradient_end_position=&#8221;100%&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;3.0.83&#8243; text_font=&#8221;||||||||&#8221; header_font=&#8221;||||||||&#8221; header_text_align=&#8221;left&#8221; header_text_color=&#8221;#2b2b2b&#8221; header_line_height=&#8221;1.3em&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;Playfair Display|700|||||||&#8221; header_2_text_align=&#8221;left&#8221; header_2_text_color=&#8221;#2b2b2b&#8221; header_2_font_size=&#8221;42px&#8221; header_2_line_height=&#8221;1.5em&#8221; text_orientation=&#8221;center&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||10px|&#8221;][\/et_pb_text][et_pb_divider color=&#8221;#f7d584&#8243; divider_weight=&#8221;3px&#8221; height=&#8221;10px&#8221; disabled_on=&#8221;on|on|off&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;3.2&#8243; max_width=&#8221;80px&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;left&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||20px|&#8221; animation_style=&#8221;slide&#8221; animation_direction=&#8221;bottom&#8221; saved_tabs=&#8221;all&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221;][\/et_pb_divider][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;3.0.83&#8243; text_font=&#8221;Poppins||||||||&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;rgba(0,0,0,0.4)&#8221; text_font_size=&#8221;16px&#8221; text_line_height=&#8221;1.9em&#8221; header_font=&#8221;||||||||&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;||||||||&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||30px|&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>At least since the &#8220;Beatlemania&#8221; craze of the 1960s<span style=\"margin: 0px; line-height: 107%; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;\"><sup>1<\/sup><\/span>, the passionate fervor of young female fans has posed a challenge to society. How seriously should these fans be taken and what if any broader meaning can be found in their voices? These questions arose again a generation later within the context of Third Wave feminism that sought simultaneously to diversify perspectives while struggling to find merit in popular culture.<\/p>\n<p><strong>The Spice Girls\u2019 1996 single \u201cWannabe\u201d combines a traditional pop music form with rap and an upbeat tempo to produce an accessible entry to the 1990s Third Wave feminism. The Spice Girls\u2019 success among young female fans, as a result of their individual identity, explains the rise of a tween market for commercial successes like Disney\u2019s Cheetah Girls, who model specific characters and identity, in the early 2000s, whose song \u201cCheetah Sisters\u201d replicates \u201cgirl power\u201d through the use of similar musical elements.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=&#8221;1_2&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;3.0.47&#8243; parallax=&#8221;off&#8221; parallax_method=&#8221;on&#8221; use_background_color_gradient=&#8221;on&#8221; background_color_gradient_start=&#8221;#9599e2&#8243; background_color_gradient_end=&#8221;#8bc6ec&#8221; background_color_gradient_direction=&#8221;115deg&#8221;][et_pb_image src=&#8221;http:\/\/blog.richmond.edu\/mus238-06\/files\/2018\/12\/image-1.png&#8221; align=&#8221;center&#8221; always_center_on_mobile=&#8221;off&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;3.11&#8243; box_shadow_style=&#8221;preset3&#8243; box_shadow_horizontal=&#8221;13px&#8221; box_shadow_vertical=&#8221;42px&#8221; box_shadow_blur=&#8221;45px&#8221; box_shadow_spread=&#8221;-3px&#8221; box_shadow_color=&#8221;rgba(0,0,0,0.1)&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;-40px||40px|&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;|||&#8221; animation_style=&#8221;zoom&#8221; animation_direction=&#8221;right&#8221; animation_intensity_zoom=&#8221;6%&#8221; animation_starting_opacity=&#8221;100%&#8221;][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_image src=&#8221;http:\/\/blog.richmond.edu\/mus238-06\/files\/2018\/12\/image-2.png&#8221; align=&#8221;center&#8221; always_center_on_mobile=&#8221;off&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;3.11&#8243; box_shadow_style=&#8221;preset3&#8243; box_shadow_horizontal=&#8221;13px&#8221; box_shadow_vertical=&#8221;42px&#8221; box_shadow_blur=&#8221;45px&#8221; box_shadow_spread=&#8221;-3px&#8221; box_shadow_color=&#8221;rgba(0,0,0,0.1)&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;-40px||40px|&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;|||&#8221; animation_style=&#8221;zoom&#8221; animation_direction=&#8221;right&#8221; animation_intensity_zoom=&#8221;6%&#8221; animation_starting_opacity=&#8221;100%&#8221;][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row custom_padding=&#8221;0|0px|0|0px|false|false&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;3.11&#8243;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;3.11&#8243; parallax=&#8221;off&#8221; parallax_method=&#8221;on&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;3.11&#8243; inline_fonts=&#8221;Georgia&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 600px;\"><span style=\"color: #666666; font-family: inherit; font-size: small; font-weight: normal;\">Top photo<span style=\"margin: 0px; line-height: 107%;\"><sup><span color=\"#000000\">2<\/span><\/sup><\/span>: A photo of the Spice Girls taken during promotion for their first album,<em> Spice.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 600px;\"><span style=\"color: #666666; font-family: inherit; font-size: small; font-weight: normal;\">Bottom photo<span style=\"margin: 0px; line-height: 107%;\"><sup><span color=\"#000000\">3<\/span><\/sup><\/span>: A photo of the Cheetah Girls taken during the shooting of their first film, <em>The Cheetah Girls.\u00a0<\/em>They are wearing their trademark differently colored, cheetah print velour sweat suits.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; admin_label=&#8221;Featured Products&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;3.0.78&#8243; custom_padding=&#8221;50.56px|0px|50.56px|0px|true|false&#8221;][et_pb_row custom_padding=&#8221;0|0px|0|0px|false|false&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;3.11&#8243;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;3.11&#8243; parallax=&#8221;off&#8221; parallax_method=&#8221;on&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;3.11&#8243; inline_fonts=&#8221;Times New Roman&#8221;]<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000; font-family: inherit; font-weight: normal;\"><span style=\"margin: 0px;\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0in; border: 1pt windowtext;\"><a style=\"color: #000000;\" href=\"http:\/\/librarycat.richmond.edu\/vwebv\/search?searchArg=The+Adoring+Audience%3A+Fan+Culture+in+Popular+Media&amp;searchCode=GKEY%5e*&amp;setLimit=1&amp;recCount=25&amp;searchType=1&amp;page.search.search.button=Search\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"margin: 0px;\">Barbara <span style=\"background: 0px 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; border: 0px #666666; text-align: left; text-transform: none; text-indent: 0px; letter-spacing: normal; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; word-spacing: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; cursor: text; box-sizing: border-box; orphans: 2; -ms-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;\"><span style=\"background: 0px 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; border: 0px #000000; font-size: 14px; vertical-align: baseline; cursor: text; box-sizing: border-box; -ms-text-size-adjust: auto;\"><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><a style=\"background: 0px 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; border: 0px #c37cc6; color: #000000; font-size: 14px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; cursor: text; box-sizing: border-box; -ms-text-size-adjust: auto;\" href=\"http:\/\/librarycat.richmond.edu\/vwebv\/search?searchArg=The+Adoring+Audience%3A+Fan+Culture+in+Popular+Media&amp;searchCode=GKEY%5e*&amp;setLimit=1&amp;recCount=25&amp;searchType=1&amp;page.search.search.button=Search\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"background: 0px 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; border: 0px #000000; font-size: 14px; vertical-align: baseline; cursor: text; box-sizing: border-box; -ms-text-size-adjust: auto;\">Ehrenreich<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span>, et al., \u201cBeatlemania: Girls Just Want to Have Fun,\u201d 87.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000; font-family: inherit; font-weight: normal;\"><span style=\"margin: 0px;\">The Curious Londoner<\/span><span style=\"background: white; margin: 0px;\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; word-spacing: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; orphans: 2; float: none; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;\"><span face=\"Times\">, \u201c20 Things 90s Kids Will Remember.\u201d <\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"margin: 0px;\"><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000; font-family: inherit; font-weight: normal;\"><span style=\"background: white; margin: 0px;\">AnythingDiz, \u201cThe Cheetah Girls&#8230; Where Are They Now?\u201d 2012.<\/span><span style=\"margin: 0px;\"><span style=\"margin: 0px;\"><\/span><\/span><u><span color=\"#b00000\" face=\"&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,serif\"><\/span><\/u><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Spice and Cheetah: Girl[s] Power[s] the Market&nbsp; At least since the &#8220;Beatlemania&#8221; craze of the 1960s1, the passionate fervor of young female fans has posed a challenge to society. How seriously should these fans be taken and what if any broader meaning can be found in their voices? These questions arose again a generation later [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3778,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"<span style=\"margin: 0px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Georgia',serif; font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">The passion of young female fans for the Beatles in the 1960s was so concerning to adults that the craze was labeled \u201cBeatlemania.\u201d<sup>1 <\/sup>Much of the discomfort surrounding these young girls related to the sexual innuendo inherent in their fandom. The fervor and passion of young female fans has continuously troubled others. How seriously should these fans and the subjects of their fandom be taken? This question existed within the context of Third Wave feminist discourse that sought simultaneously to diversify perspectives while struggling to find merit in women and girls within popular culture. <\/span><\/span>\r\n\r\n<strong><span style=\"margin: 0px; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Georgia',serif; font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">The Spice Girls\u2019 1996 single \u201cWannabe\u201d combines a traditional pop music form with hip hop and an upbeat tempo to produce an accessible entry to the 1990s Third Wave feminism through \u201cgirl power\u201d which lyrically calls for female empowerment. The Spice Girls\u2019 success among young female fans explains the rise of a tween market for commercial successes like Disney\u2019s Cheetah Girls in the early 2000s, whose song \u201cCheetah Sisters\u201d replicates \u201cgirl power\u201d through the use of similar musical elements.<\/span><\/span><\/strong>","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-38","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.richmond.edu\/mus238-06\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/38","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.richmond.edu\/mus238-06\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.richmond.edu\/mus238-06\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.richmond.edu\/mus238-06\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3778"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.richmond.edu\/mus238-06\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=38"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/blog.richmond.edu\/mus238-06\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/38\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.richmond.edu\/mus238-06\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=38"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}