{"id":1615,"date":"2017-12-03T21:48:48","date_gmt":"2017-12-04T02:48:48","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blog.richmond.edu\/math320\/?p=1615"},"modified":"2017-12-06T19:17:09","modified_gmt":"2017-12-07T00:17:09","slug":"what-happened-12","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.richmond.edu\/math320\/2017\/12\/03\/what-happened-12\/","title":{"rendered":"What Happened 12\/"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Class of 11\/30 basically talked about different Theorem related to the Properties of Integral. Those Theorem are built around the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus which we will discuss in next class meeting.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>We talked about Theorem 7.4.1 which states that\u00a0Assume <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/s0.wp.com\/latex.php?latex=f+%3A+%5Ba%2C+b%5D+%C2%A0%5Cto+%C2%A0%5Cmathbb%7BR%7D&#038;bg=ffffff&#038;fg=000&#038;s=0&#038;c=20201002\" alt=\"f : [a, b] &#92;to &#92;mathbb{R}\" class=\"latex\" \/> is bounded, and let <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/s0.wp.com\/latex.php?latex=c+%5Cin+%C2%A0%28a%2C+b%29&#038;bg=ffffff&#038;fg=000&#038;s=0&#038;c=20201002\" alt=\"c &#92;in (a, b)\" class=\"latex\" \/>. Then, f is integrable on [a, b] if and only if f is integrable on [a, c] and [c, b]. In this case, we have <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/s0.wp.com\/latex.php?latex=%5Cint_a%5Eb+f+%C2%A0%3D+%5Cint%5Ec_a+f+%2B+%5Cint%5Eb_c+&#038;bg=ffffff&#038;fg=000&#038;s=0&#038;c=20201002\" alt=\"&#92;int_a^b f = &#92;int^c_a f + &#92;int^b_c \" class=\"latex\" \/>. The proof of this theorem uses the definition of refining a partition and the proving techniques of the Riemann integral.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Then we introduces Theorem 7.4.2 which catalogs the basic properties of integral.<\/p>\n<p>Theorem 7.4.2\u00a0Assume f and g are integrable functions on the interval [a, b].<\/p>\n<p>1).\u00a0The function f + g is integrable on [a, b] with <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/s0.wp.com\/latex.php?latex=%5Cint%5Eb_a+%C2%A0%28f+%2B+g%29+%3D+%5Cint%5Eb_a+f+%2B+%5Cint%5Eb_a+g&#038;bg=ffffff&#038;fg=000&#038;s=0&#038;c=20201002\" alt=\"&#92;int^b_a (f + g) = &#92;int^b_a f + &#92;int^b_a g\" class=\"latex\" \/>.<\/p>\n<p>2).\u00a0For <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/s0.wp.com\/latex.php?latex=k+%5Cin+%C2%A0%5Cmathbb%7BR%7D&#038;bg=ffffff&#038;fg=000&#038;s=0&#038;c=20201002\" alt=\"k &#92;in &#92;mathbb{R}\" class=\"latex\" \/>, the function kf is integrable with <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/s0.wp.com\/latex.php?latex=%5Cint%5Eb_a+kf+%3D+k+%5Cint%5Eb_a+f&#038;bg=ffffff&#038;fg=000&#038;s=0&#038;c=20201002\" alt=\"&#92;int^b_a kf = k &#92;int^b_a f\" class=\"latex\" \/>.<\/p>\n<p>3).If <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/s0.wp.com\/latex.php?latex=m+%5Cleq+f%28x%29+%C2%A0%5Cleq+M&#038;bg=ffffff&#038;fg=000&#038;s=0&#038;c=20201002\" alt=\"m &#92;leq f(x) &#92;leq M\" class=\"latex\" \/> on [a, b], then m(b \u2212 a) <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/s0.wp.com\/latex.php?latex=%5Cleq+%5Cint%5Eb_a+f+%5Cleq+&#038;bg=ffffff&#038;fg=000&#038;s=0&#038;c=20201002\" alt=\"&#92;leq &#92;int^b_a f &#92;leq \" class=\"latex\" \/>M(b \u2212 a).<\/p>\n<p>4).\u00a0If <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/s0.wp.com\/latex.php?latex=f%28x%29+%5Cleq+%C2%A0g%28x%29&#038;bg=ffffff&#038;fg=000&#038;s=0&#038;c=20201002\" alt=\"f(x) &#92;leq g(x)\" class=\"latex\" \/> on [a, b], then <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/s0.wp.com\/latex.php?latex=%5Cint%5Eb_a+f+%5Cleq+%5Cint%5Eb_a+g&#038;bg=ffffff&#038;fg=000&#038;s=0&#038;c=20201002\" alt=\"&#92;int^b_a f &#92;leq &#92;int^b_a g\" class=\"latex\" \/>.<\/p>\n<p>5.The function <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/s0.wp.com\/latex.php?latex=%7Cf%7C&#038;bg=ffffff&#038;fg=000&#038;s=0&#038;c=20201002\" alt=\"|f|\" class=\"latex\" \/> is integrable and <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/s0.wp.com\/latex.php?latex=%7C+%5Cint%5Eb_a%C2%A0f+%7C+%5Cleq+%C2%A0%5Cint%5Eb_a+%7Cf%7C&#038;bg=ffffff&#038;fg=000&#038;s=0&#038;c=20201002\" alt=\"| &#92;int^b_a\u00a0f | &#92;leq &#92;int^b_a |f|\" class=\"latex\" \/>.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>The proof of (2) requires an extra attention that we need two cases where k can be positive or negative. If k is positive, then for any partition P we have <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/s0.wp.com\/latex.php?latex=U%28kf%2CP%29+%3D+kU%28f%2CP%29&#038;bg=ffffff&#038;fg=000&#038;s=0&#038;c=20201002\" alt=\"U(kf,P) = kU(f,P)\" class=\"latex\" \/> and <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/s0.wp.com\/latex.php?latex=L%28kf%2CP%29+%3D+kL%28f%2CP%29&#038;bg=ffffff&#038;fg=000&#038;s=0&#038;c=20201002\" alt=\"L(kf,P) = kL(f,P)\" class=\"latex\" \/>. And since f is integrable, there exists partition <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/s0.wp.com\/latex.php?latex=%28P_n%29&#038;bg=ffffff&#038;fg=000&#038;s=0&#038;c=20201002\" alt=\"(P_n)\" class=\"latex\" \/> and consider function <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/s0.wp.com\/latex.php?latex=%28kf%29&#038;bg=ffffff&#038;fg=000&#038;s=0&#038;c=20201002\" alt=\"(kf)\" class=\"latex\" \/>. We have <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/s0.wp.com\/latex.php?latex=%5Clim%5Climits_%7Bn+%5Cto+%5Cinfty%7D&#038;bg=ffffff&#038;fg=000&#038;s=0&#038;c=20201002\" alt=\"&#92;lim&#92;limits_{n &#92;to &#92;infty}\" class=\"latex\" \/> [U(kf, P_n) \u2212 L(kf, P_n)] = <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/s0.wp.com\/latex.php?latex=%5Clim%5Climits_%7Bn+to+%5Cinfty%7D&#038;bg=ffffff&#038;fg=000&#038;s=0&#038;c=20201002\" alt=\"&#92;lim&#92;limits_{n to &#92;infty}\" class=\"latex\" \/> k[U(f,P_n) \u2212 L(f,P_n)] = 0. And if k is negative then\u00a0we have <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/s0.wp.com\/latex.php?latex=U%28kf%2CP%29+%3D+kU%28f%2CP%29&#038;bg=ffffff&#038;fg=000&#038;s=0&#038;c=20201002\" alt=\"U(kf,P) = kU(f,P)\" class=\"latex\" \/> and <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/s0.wp.com\/latex.php?latex=L%28kf%2CP%29+%3D+kL%28f%2CP%29&#038;bg=ffffff&#038;fg=000&#038;s=0&#038;c=20201002\" alt=\"L(kf,P) = kL(f,P)\" class=\"latex\" \/>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Class of 11\/30 basically talked about different Theorem related to the Properties of Integral. Those Theorem are built around the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus which we will discuss in next class meeting. &nbsp; We talked about Theorem 7.4.1 which states that\u00a0Assume is bounded, and let . Then, f is integrable on [a, b] if and [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3538,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[58821],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1615","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-what-happened-today"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p7L4E1-q3","jetpack-related-posts":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.richmond.edu\/math320\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1615","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.richmond.edu\/math320\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.richmond.edu\/math320\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.richmond.edu\/math320\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3538"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.richmond.edu\/math320\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1615"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/blog.richmond.edu\/math320\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1615\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.richmond.edu\/math320\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1615"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.richmond.edu\/math320\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1615"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.richmond.edu\/math320\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1615"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}