{"id":1540,"date":"2017-11-20T22:12:01","date_gmt":"2017-11-21T03:12:01","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blog.richmond.edu\/math320\/?p=1540"},"modified":"2017-11-20T22:12:01","modified_gmt":"2017-11-21T03:12:01","slug":"what-happened-1116","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.richmond.edu\/math320\/2017\/11\/20\/what-happened-1116\/","title":{"rendered":"What Happened 11\/16"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>On Thursday 11\/16, Dr. Kerckhove lectured in Dr. LeCrone&#8217;s absence. The topic of the day was Riemann Integration.<\/p>\n<p>Dr. K began with a definition of Riemann Integration and then went through an outline of what we would cover:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Computing Riemann sums to approximate Riemann Integral<\/li>\n<li>Controlling error<\/li>\n<li>Systematic way to improve a given estimate<\/li>\n<li>If all sequences of improved values converge to the same number, then that number is the Riemann Integration result.<\/li>\n<li>A theorem that characterizes properties of the function f that guarantee steps 1-4 will work to produce exactly one result<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>We then covered several definitions:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>f is bounded on [a,b]<\/li>\n<li>a partition\u00a0P of [a,b], as well as the set of all possible partitions of [a,b], <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/s0.wp.com\/latex.php?latex=%5Cmathcal%7BP%7D_%7B%5Ba%2Cb%5D%7D&#038;bg=ffffff&#038;fg=000&#038;s=0&#038;c=20201002\" alt=\"&#92;mathcal{P}_{[a,b]}\" class=\"latex\" \/><\/li>\n<li>A refinement Q of a given partition P\n<ul>\n<li>We looked at the example <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/s0.wp.com\/latex.php?latex=f%28x%29%3Dx%5C%3B+P%3D%5C%7B0%2C1%2F2%2C+1%5C%7D%2C%5C%3BQ%3D%5C%7B0%2C1%2F3%2C1%2F2%2C5%2F8%2C7%2F8%2C1%5C%7D&#038;bg=ffffff&#038;fg=000&#038;s=0&#038;c=20201002\" alt=\"f(x)=x&#92;; P=&#92;{0,1\/2, 1&#92;},&#92;;Q=&#92;{0,1\/3,1\/2,5\/8,7\/8,1&#92;}\" class=\"latex\" \/> and after examining the right end point sum produced a lemma<\/li>\n<li>Lemma: Under certain conditions, if Q is a refinement of P, then <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/s0.wp.com\/latex.php?latex=%7CQ_%7Berror%7D%7C%5Cleq+%7CP_%7Berror%7D%7C&#038;bg=ffffff&#038;fg=000&#038;s=0&#038;c=20201002\" alt=\"|Q_{error}|&#92;leq |P_{error}|\" class=\"latex\" \/><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>From a given f,[a,b], P we can construct\n<ol>\n<li>The Lower Sum for f over [a,b] using P (denoted <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/s0.wp.com\/latex.php?latex=L%28f%2C%5Ba%2Cb%5D%2CP%29&#038;bg=ffffff&#038;fg=000&#038;s=0&#038;c=20201002\" alt=\"L(f,[a,b],P)\" class=\"latex\" \/>)<\/li>\n<li>The Upper Sum\u00a0(denoted <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/s0.wp.com\/latex.php?latex=U%28f%2C%5Ba%2Cb%5D%2CP%29&#038;bg=ffffff&#038;fg=000&#038;s=0&#038;c=20201002\" alt=\"U(f,[a,b],P)\" class=\"latex\" \/>)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>We then produced the following Lemma:<\/p>\n<p>For a lower sum built from P if we take a refinement Q of P the the lower sum for the refinement satisfies $latex\u00a0L(f,[a,b],Q)\\geq\u00a0L(f,[a,b],P)$ and <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/s0.wp.com\/latex.php?latex=U%28f%2C%5Ba%2Cb%5D%2CQ%29%5Cleq+U%28f%2C%5Ba%2Cb%5D%2CP%29&#038;bg=ffffff&#038;fg=000&#038;s=0&#038;c=20201002\" alt=\"U(f,[a,b],Q)&#92;leq U(f,[a,b],P)\" class=\"latex\" \/>. Moreover $s=latex \\Sigma_{k=1}^n f(x)(x_k-x_{k-1})$ is any Riemann sum built from P <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/s0.wp.com\/latex.php?latex=x%5Cin%5Bx_%7Bk-1%7D%2Cx_k%5D&#038;bg=ffffff&#038;fg=000&#038;s=0&#038;c=20201002\" alt=\"x&#92;in[x_{k-1},x_k]\" class=\"latex\" \/>, then <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/s0.wp.com\/latex.php?latex=L%28f%2C%5Ba%2Cb%5D%2CP%29%5Cleq+s+%5Cleq+U%28f%2C%5Ba%2Cb%5D%2CP%29&#038;bg=ffffff&#038;fg=000&#038;s=0&#038;c=20201002\" alt=\"L(f,[a,b],P)&#92;leq s &#92;leq U(f,[a,b],P)\" class=\"latex\" \/>.<\/p>\n<p>A proof of the moreover section of the lemma was then produced.<\/p>\n<p>We made two observations:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u00a0For any estimate <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/s0.wp.com\/latex.php?latex=%7CP_%7Berror%7D%7C%5Cleq+%7CU%28f%2C%5Ba%2Cb%5D%2CP%29-L%28f%2C%5Ba%2Cb%5D%2CP%29%7C&#038;bg=ffffff&#038;fg=000&#038;s=0&#038;c=20201002\" alt=\"|P_{error}|&#92;leq |U(f,[a,b],P)-L(f,[a,b],P)|\" class=\"latex\" \/><\/li>\n<li>If Q is a refinement of P then <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/s0.wp.com\/latex.php?latex=%7CU%28f%2C%5Ba%2Cb%5D%2CQ%29-L%28f%2C%5Ba%2Cb%5D%2CQ%29%7C%5Cleq+%7CU%28f%2C%5Ba%2Cb%5D%2CP%29-L%28f%2C%5Ba%2Cb%5D%2CP%29%7C&#038;bg=ffffff&#038;fg=000&#038;s=0&#038;c=20201002\" alt=\"|U(f,[a,b],Q)-L(f,[a,b],Q)|&#92;leq |U(f,[a,b],P)-L(f,[a,b],P)|\" class=\"latex\" \/><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>This was followed by defining the notation <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/s0.wp.com\/latex.php?latex=L%28f%2C%5Ba%2Cb%5D%29%3DL%28f%29&#038;bg=ffffff&#038;fg=000&#038;s=0&#038;c=20201002\" alt=\"L(f,[a,b])=L(f)\" class=\"latex\" \/> and <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/s0.wp.com\/latex.php?latex=U%28f%2C%5Ba%2Cb%5D%29%3DU%28f%29&#038;bg=ffffff&#038;fg=000&#038;s=0&#038;c=20201002\" alt=\"U(f,[a,b])=U(f)\" class=\"latex\" \/><\/p>\n<p>We then defined what it meant to be Riemann integrable (<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/s0.wp.com\/latex.php?latex=L%28f%29%3DU%28f%29&#038;bg=ffffff&#038;fg=000&#038;s=0&#038;c=20201002\" alt=\"L(f)=U(f)\" class=\"latex\" \/>).<\/p>\n<p>We finished class with an example of a non-Riemann integrable function: The Dirichlet function on [0,1].<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>On Thursday 11\/16, Dr. Kerckhove lectured in Dr. LeCrone&#8217;s absence. The topic of the day was Riemann Integration. Dr. K began with a definition of Riemann Integration and then went through an outline of what we would cover: Computing Riemann sums to approximate Riemann Integral Controlling error Systematic way to improve a given estimate If [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3527,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[58820,58821],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1540","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-daily-blogs","category-what-happened-today"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p7L4E1-oQ","jetpack-related-posts":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.richmond.edu\/math320\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1540","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.richmond.edu\/math320\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.richmond.edu\/math320\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.richmond.edu\/math320\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3527"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.richmond.edu\/math320\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1540"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/blog.richmond.edu\/math320\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1540\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.richmond.edu\/math320\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1540"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.richmond.edu\/math320\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1540"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.richmond.edu\/math320\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1540"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}