{"id":1332,"date":"2017-10-27T20:31:45","date_gmt":"2017-10-28T00:31:45","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blog.richmond.edu\/math320\/?p=1332"},"modified":"2017-10-27T20:31:45","modified_gmt":"2017-10-28T00:31:45","slug":"global-modulus-of-continuity","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.richmond.edu\/math320\/2017\/10\/27\/global-modulus-of-continuity\/","title":{"rendered":"(Global) Modulus of Continuity"},"content":{"rendered":"

Authors: Brittney D’Oleo, Elise Favia<\/p>\n

Date: October 27, 2017<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Introduction:<\/h4>\n

This week’s topic, (global) modulus of continuity is an extension of last week’s topic, the (local) modulus of continuity. In the blog, we will explore the new definition and compare it to last weeks definitions. We will also prove an interesting result creating an equivalence between uniform continuity and having a (global) modulus of continuity, as well as some applications involving power functions.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Review:<\/h4>\n

As a quick summary, last week’s blog provided two definitions (this is Rhiannon and Shuyi’s precise wording):<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \u00a0Definition:\u00a0<\/em>A function \"\sigma is a modulus of continuity if \"\sigma(0)=0\" and \"\lim_{d\rightarrow.<\/li>\n
  2. \u00a0Definition:\u00a0<\/em>\"f: is continuous at \"c with (local) modulus of continuity \"\sigma\" if there exists \"\delta so that \"|f(x)-f(c)| for \"|x-c|.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Essentially, the modulus of continuity is a way of measuring the rate of convergence, similar to, but not the same as the slope or derivative of the function. A result from last week’s blog was that \"\sigma_1=md\" is a local modulus of continuity for \"f\" at \"c\" if \"m\geq.<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    New Definitions:<\/h4>\n

    There is a difference between the definition of local modulus of continuity and global modulus of continuity, but before I address this, I will formally write the definition for you.<\/p>\n

    Definition:<\/em> A function \"f: has a global modulus of continuity \"\sigma\", if \"\exists so that \"|f(x)-f(y)| for all \"x,y such that \"|x-y|<\delta\".<\/p>\n

    From the review section, when determining if a function \"f\" is defined to have local<\/em> modulus of continuity \"\sigma\", there is a focus at a particular point \"c\in. In contrast, when determining if a function \"f\" is defined to have global<\/em> modulus of continuity \"\sigma\" if we can find one \"\delta\" where \"|f(x)-f(y)| for any two points \"x,y where the distance between those two points are within a \"\delta\" window of each other.<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    Looking at Uniform Continuity Through a Different Lens:<\/strong><\/h4>\n

    The definition of uniform continuity states that a function \"f:
    \nis uniformly continuous on its domain A if for every \"\epsilon>0\", there exists a \"\delta>0\" such that for all \"x,y, \"|x-y| implies that \"|f(x)-f(y)|<. This definition is very similar to that of global modulus continuity, the main difference is that global modulus continuity has this variable \"\sigma\". In fact, \"\sigma\" has some explicit functional dependence on \"\epsilon\" and \"\delta\". If we look at \"\sigma(\delta) then these definitions are actually equivalent. To motivate this lets look at the same three functions we did in class, but instead of fixing \"\epsilon\", lets fix \"\delta.<\/p>\n

    \"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

    In this function notice that no matter what size \"\delta\" window we pick, the \"\epsilon\" window will be constant, and so we can find a supremum \"\epsilon\" window so that for any two points in the domain such that the the distance between the points is less than \"\delta\", \"f(x)\" and \"f(y)\" are in this “largest” \"\epsilon\" window.<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    \"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

    In this function notice that that if we shift our \"\delta\" window the right, the \"\epsilon\" window will constantly increase, and so we cannot find a supremum \"\epsilon\" window for any two points in the domain such that the the distance between the points is less than \"\delta\".<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    \"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

    In this function notice that no matter what \"\delta\" window we choose, the \"\epsilon\" window will constantly shrink towards 0 as you increases \"x\", and so we can find a supremum \"\epsilon\" window for any two points in the domain such that the the distance between the points is less than \"\delta\". This will simply be the \"\epsilon\" window around the point 0 corresponding to the given \"\delta\" window.<\/p>\n

    Notice that figures 1 and 3 have global modulus continuity \"\sigma(\delta) and that these two functions are also uniformly continuous. Instead of looking at a set \"\epsilon\" window and determining if we can find an infimum \"\delta\" window that satisfies the definition of uniform continuity, we are looking at a set \"\delta\" window and seeing if we can find a supremum \"\epsilon\" window that satisfies the definition of the global modulus of continuity definition. These are equivalent statements and so the take away of this section should be that if a function \"f:A has a global modulus of continuity, than \"f\" is also uniformly continuous and vice versa.<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    Extension of Power Function:<\/h4>\n

    There are several families of (global) moduli functions that are considered Power Functions. In this section, \"k>0,p>0\"<\/p>\n

    A power function, \"\sigma(d)=kd^p\" is a H\u00f6lder condition if it is (global) modulus of continuity. Such functions satisfy the condition \"|f(x)-f(y)|\leq for all \"x,y\" in the domain of \"f\"<\/p>\n

    A function with modulus \"\sigma(d)=kd\" for all \"x,y\" in the domain is called a Lipshitz function.
    \nNotice that this is a special case of the H\u00f6lder condition with \"p=1\". We have \"|f(x)-f(y)|\leq from the H\u00f6lder condition, and so \"|f(x)-f(y)|\leq.
    \nAll Lipshitz functions therefore satisfy the H\u00f6lder condition.
    \nAnother important observation is that \"|f(x)-f(y)|\leq=k|x-y|\rightarrow\frac{|f(x)-f(y)|}{|x-y|}. In other words, the derivative (or slope) of the function is bounded by \"k\".<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    Works Cited:<\/h4>\n

    https:\/\/www.revolvy.com\/main\/index.php?s=Modulus%20of%20continuity&item_type=topic<\/p>\n

    https:\/\/www.revolvy.com\/main\/index.php?s=H\u00f6lder%20condition&uid=1575<\/p>\n

    https:\/\/calculus7.org\/2012\/03\/05\/uniform-continuity-done-right\/<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Authors: Brittney D’Oleo, Elise Favia Date: October 27, 2017   Introduction: This week’s topic, (global) modulus of continuity is an extension of last week’s topic, the (local) modulus of continuity. In the blog, we will explore the new definition and compare it to last weeks definitions. We will also prove an interesting result creating an […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3525,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[58818],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1332","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-class-blogs"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p7L4E1-lu","jetpack-related-posts":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.richmond.edu\/math320\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1332","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.richmond.edu\/math320\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.richmond.edu\/math320\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.richmond.edu\/math320\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3525"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.richmond.edu\/math320\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1332"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/blog.richmond.edu\/math320\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1332\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.richmond.edu\/math320\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1332"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.richmond.edu\/math320\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1332"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.richmond.edu\/math320\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1332"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}