{"id":1309,"date":"2017-10-26T12:23:25","date_gmt":"2017-10-26T16:23:25","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blog.richmond.edu\/math320\/?p=1309"},"modified":"2017-10-26T12:35:16","modified_gmt":"2017-10-26T16:35:16","slug":"muddiest-point-1024","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.richmond.edu\/math320\/2017\/10\/26\/muddiest-point-1024\/","title":{"rendered":"Muddiest Point 10\/24"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>One of the things we did in the class was proving Theorem 4.4.7, the Uniform Continuity on Compact Sets. Theorem 4.4.7 states that a function is continuous on a compact set K is uniformly continuous on K.<\/p>\n<p>To me the prove in the class was hard to follow because the definition of compact set was not clear to me at that time. So I will review the concept of compact set and the prove again.<\/p>\n<p>A set <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/s0.wp.com\/latex.php?latex=K+%5Csubseteq+%5Cmathbb%7BR%7D&#038;bg=ffffff&#038;fg=000&#038;s=0&#038;c=20201002\" alt=\"K &#92;subseteq &#92;mathbb{R}\" class=\"latex\" \/> is compact if every sequence\u00a0<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/s0.wp.com\/latex.php?latex=%28x_n%29+%5Csubset+K&#038;bg=ffffff&#038;fg=000&#038;s=0&#038;c=20201002\" alt=\"(x_n) &#92;subset K\" class=\"latex\" \/> has a convergent subsequence converging in K. And another important theorem about compact set is Theorem 3.3.8 that states that the below statements are equivalent:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>K is compact.<\/li>\n<li>\u00a0K is closed and bounded.<\/li>\n<li>Every open cover of K has a finite subcover.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>The third statement is a little bit unfamiliar to us but the first two statements are very useful to us. And with that we can easily prove a continuous function f on a bounded subset of <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/s0.wp.com\/latex.php?latex=%5Cmathbb%7BR%7D&#038;bg=ffffff&#038;fg=000&#038;s=0&#038;c=20201002\" alt=\"&#92;mathbb{R}\" class=\"latex\" \/> is uniformly continuous because a closed and bounded set is compact and then we can use Theorem 4.4.7 to prove that it is uniformly continuous.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>The prove of Theorem 4.4.7 proceeds with proving by contradiction. Since we want to prove that\u00a0<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/s0.wp.com\/latex.php?latex=f%3A+K+%5Cto+%5Cmathbb%7BR%7D&#038;bg=ffffff&#038;fg=000&#038;s=0&#038;c=20201002\" alt=\"f: K &#92;to &#92;mathbb{R}\" class=\"latex\" \/> is uniformly continuous, the contradiction to this is to prove that there exist two sequences\u00a0<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/s0.wp.com\/latex.php?latex=%28x_n%29&#038;bg=ffffff&#038;fg=000&#038;s=0&#038;c=20201002\" alt=\"(x_n)\" class=\"latex\" \/> and\u00a0<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/s0.wp.com\/latex.php?latex=%C2%A0%28y_n%29&#038;bg=ffffff&#038;fg=000&#038;s=0&#038;c=20201002\" alt=\"\u00a0(y_n)\" class=\"latex\" \/> in K such that lim <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/s0.wp.com\/latex.php?latex=%7Cx_n+-+y_n%7C+%3D+0+&#038;bg=ffffff&#038;fg=000&#038;s=0&#038;c=20201002\" alt=\"|x_n - y_n| = 0 \" class=\"latex\" \/> yet\u00a0<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/s0.wp.com\/latex.php?latex=%7Cf%28x_n%29+-f%28y_n%29%7C+%3E+%5Cepsilon_0&#038;bg=ffffff&#038;fg=000&#038;s=0&#038;c=20201002\" alt=\"|f(x_n) -f(y_n)| &gt; &#92;epsilon_0\" class=\"latex\" \/> for some\u00a0<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/s0.wp.com\/latex.php?latex=%5Cepsilon_0+%3E0&#038;bg=ffffff&#038;fg=000&#038;s=0&#038;c=20201002\" alt=\"&#92;epsilon_0 &gt;0\" class=\"latex\" \/>.<\/p>\n<p>Here we will utilize the concept of K being a compact set such that\u00a0the sequence <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/s0.wp.com\/latex.php?latex=%28x_n%29&#038;bg=ffffff&#038;fg=000&#038;s=0&#038;c=20201002\" alt=\"(x_n)\" class=\"latex\" \/> has a<br \/>\nconvergent subsequence $latex(x_{n_k})$ with x = lim <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/s0.wp.com\/latex.php?latex=x_%7Bn_k%7D&#038;bg=ffffff&#038;fg=000&#038;s=0&#038;c=20201002\" alt=\"x_{n_k}\" class=\"latex\" \/> also in K. Now we can use the Algebria Limit Theorem such that lim<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/s0.wp.com\/latex.php?latex=%28y_%7Bn_k%7D%29+%3D+&#038;bg=ffffff&#038;fg=000&#038;s=0&#038;c=20201002\" alt=\"(y_{n_k}) = \" class=\"latex\" \/> lim\u00a0<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/s0.wp.com\/latex.php?latex=%28%28y_%7Bn_k%7D+-+x_%7Bn_k%7D%29+%2B+%28x_%7Bn_k%7D%29%29+%3D+0+%2B+x+%3D+x&#038;bg=ffffff&#038;fg=000&#038;s=0&#038;c=20201002\" alt=\"((y_{n_k} - x_{n_k}) + (x_{n_k})) = 0 + x = x\" class=\"latex\" \/>. So now we find a contradiction that lim<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/s0.wp.com\/latex.php?latex=%28f%28x_%7Bn_k%7D%29+-+f%28y_%7Bn_k%7D%29%29+%3D+0&#038;bg=ffffff&#038;fg=000&#038;s=0&#038;c=20201002\" alt=\"(f(x_{n_k}) - f(y_{n_k})) = 0\" class=\"latex\" \/> contradicting with\u00a0<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/s0.wp.com\/latex.php?latex=%7Cf%28x_n%29+-f%28y_n%29%7C+%3E+%5Cepsilon_0&#038;bg=ffffff&#038;fg=000&#038;s=0&#038;c=20201002\" alt=\"|f(x_n) -f(y_n)| &gt; &#92;epsilon_0\" class=\"latex\" \/> for some\u00a0<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/s0.wp.com\/latex.php?latex=%5Cepsilon_0+%3E0&#038;bg=ffffff&#038;fg=000&#038;s=0&#038;c=20201002\" alt=\"&#92;epsilon_0 &gt;0\" class=\"latex\" \/>. Thus we can prove that f is uniformly continuous on K.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>This prove utilizes different Theorem that we learned in the previous classes so it is helpful that we can review the old concepts that we learned.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>One of the things we did in the class was proving Theorem 4.4.7, the Uniform Continuity on Compact Sets. Theorem 4.4.7 states that a function is continuous on a compact set K is uniformly continuous on K. To me the prove in the class was hard to follow because the definition of compact set was [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3538,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[58822],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1309","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-muddiest-point"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p7L4E1-l7","jetpack-related-posts":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.richmond.edu\/math320\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1309","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.richmond.edu\/math320\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.richmond.edu\/math320\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.richmond.edu\/math320\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3538"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.richmond.edu\/math320\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1309"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/blog.richmond.edu\/math320\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1309\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.richmond.edu\/math320\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1309"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.richmond.edu\/math320\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1309"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.richmond.edu\/math320\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1309"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}