{"id":623,"date":"2012-11-29T17:16:09","date_gmt":"2012-11-29T17:16:09","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/wordpress\/?page_id=623"},"modified":"2026-05-20T23:13:04","modified_gmt":"2026-05-21T03:13:04","slug":"pastissues","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/blog.richmond.edu\/jolt\/pastissues\/","title":{"rendered":"Past Issues"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1>Past Issues<\/h1>\n<h2>Volume XXXII (2025-2026)<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/volume-32-masthead-final\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Masthead<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/volume-xxxii-issue-1-fall-2025\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Issue 1, Fall 2025<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/volume-xxxii-issue-2-winter-2026-richmond-journal-of-law-and-technology\/\">Issue 2, Winter 2026<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Volume XXXI (2024-2025)<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/files\/2025\/02\/Vol.-XXXI-Masthead-Spring-2025.pdf\">Masthead<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/volume-xxxi-issue-1-december-30-2024\/\"><strong>Issue 1, Fall 2024<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/volume-xxxi-issue-2-spring-2025\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Issue 2, Spring 2025<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/volume-xxxi-issue-3-summer-2025\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Issue 3, Summer 2025<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Volume XXX (2023-2024)<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/files\/2023\/07\/JOLT-XXX-Masthead-Official.pdf\">Masthead<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/volume-xxx-issue-1-november-13-2023\/\"><strong>Issue 1, Fall 2023<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/volume-xxx-issue-2-february-28-2024\/\">Issue 2, Winter 2024<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/volume-xxx-issue-3-april-11-2024\/\">Issue 3, Spring 2024<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><strong>Volume XXIX (2022-2023)<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/files\/2023\/07\/JOLT-Vol.-XXIX-2022-2023-2.jpg\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>Masthead<\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/volume-xxix-issue-1-november-29-2022\/\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>Issue 1, Fall 2022<\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/volume-xxix-issue-3-march-3-2022\/\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>Issue 2, Winter 2023<\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/volume-xxix-issue-3-may-8-2023\/\">Issue 3, Spring 2023<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><strong>Volume XXVIII (2021-2022)<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/files\/2021\/10\/Masthead-as-of-10.3.21-scaled.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Masthead<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/vol-xxviii-issue-1\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>Issue 1, Fall 2021<\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/vol-xxviii-issue-2\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>Issue 2, Winter 2021<\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><a title=\"Volume XXVIII, Issue 3, April 27, 2022\" href=\"https:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/vol-xxviii-issue-3\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><strong>Issue 3, Spring 2022<\/strong><\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/vol-xxviii-issue-4\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Issue 4, Summer 2022<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><strong>Volume XXVII (2020-2021)<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/jolt-masthead-volume-xvii-final\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Masthead<\/span><\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/vol-xxvii-issue-1\/\"><strong>Issue 1, Fall 2020<\/strong><\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><a title=\"Volume XXVII, Issue 2, February 8, 2021\" href=\"https:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/vol-xxvii-issue-2\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><strong>Issue 2, Winter 2021<\/strong><\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><a title=\"Volume XXVII, Issue 3, April 19, 2021\" href=\"https:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/vol-xxvii-issue-3\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><strong>Issue 3, Spring 2021<\/strong><\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/vol-xxvii-issue-4\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>Issue 4, Summer 2021<\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><strong>Volume XXVI (2019-2020)<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/volume-xxvi-masthead\/\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>Masthead<\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/vol-xxvi-issue-1\/\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>Issue 1, Fall 2019<\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/volxxvi_issue2\/\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>Issue 2, Spring 2020<\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/vol-xxvi-issue-3\/\">Issue 3, Summer 2020<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><strong>Volume XXV (2018-2019)<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/vol-xxv-issue-1\/\">Issue 1, Fall 2018<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/vol-xxv-issue-1-2\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>Issue 2, Winter 2018<\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/vol-xxv-issue-1-3\/\"><b><u>Issue 3, Spring 2019<\/u><\/b><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/vol-xxv-issue-1-4\/\"><b><u>Issue 4, Summer 2019<\/u><\/b><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/symposium-2019\/\"><b><u>Symposium 2019<\/u><\/b><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><strong>Volume XXIV (2017-2018)<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/masthead\/updated-masthead-xxiv\/\">Masthead<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/volume-xxiv-issue-1-final\/\">Issue 1, Fall 2017<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/volume-xxiv-issue-2\/\">Issue 2, Winter 2017<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/volume-xxiv-issue-3\/\">Issue 3, Spring 2018<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/volume-xxiv-issue-4\/\">Issue 4, Summer 2018<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><strong>Volume XXIII (2016-2017)<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"text-decoration: underline; color: #2ea3f2;\"><strong><a style=\"color: #2ea3f2; text-decoration: underline;\" href=\"http:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/volume-xxiii-issue-i\/\">Masthead<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"text-decoration: underline; color: #2ea3f2;\"><strong><a style=\"color: #2ea3f2; text-decoration: underline;\" href=\"http:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/volume-xxiii-issue-i\/\">Issue 1, Fall 2016<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"text-decoration: underline; color: #2ea3f2;\"><strong><a style=\"color: #2ea3f2; text-decoration: underline;\" href=\"http:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/volume-xxiii-issue-2\/\">Issue 2, Winter\u00a02017<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"text-decoration: underline; color: #2ea3f2;\"><strong><a style=\"color: #2ea3f2; text-decoration: underline;\" href=\"http:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/annual-survey-2017\/\">Issue 3: Annual Survey, Spring 2017<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"text-decoration: underline; color: #2ea3f2;\"><strong><a style=\"color: #2ea3f2; text-decoration: underline;\" href=\"http:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/volume-xxiii-issue-4\/\">Issue 4, Spring 2017<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><strong>Volume XXII (2015-2016)<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"text-decoration: underline; color: #2ea3f2;\"><strong><a style=\"color: #2ea3f2; text-decoration: underline;\" href=\"https:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/volume-xxii-masthead-end-spring-2016\/\">Masthead<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"text-decoration: underline; color: #2ea3f2;\"><strong><a style=\"color: #2ea3f2; text-decoration: underline;\" href=\"http:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/volume-xxii-issue-i\/\">Issue 1, Fall\u00a02016<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/vol-xxii-issue-2\/\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline; color: #2ea3f2;\"><strong>Issue 2, Winter\u00a02016<\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"text-decoration: underline; color: #2ea3f2;\"><strong><a style=\"color: #2ea3f2; text-decoration: underline;\" href=\"http:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/volume-xxii-issue-ii\/\">Issue 3, Spring 2016<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"text-decoration: underline; color: #2ea3f2;\"><strong><a style=\"color: #2ea3f2; text-decoration: underline;\" href=\"http:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/volume-xxii-issue-iv\/\">Issue 4, Spring 2016<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><strong>Volume XXI (2014-2015)<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/index.php\/volume-xxi-issue-i\/\">Issue 1, Fall 2014<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/index.php\/volume-xxi-issue-2\/\">Issue 2,\u00a0Winter 2015<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/index.php\/volume-xxi-issue-3\/\">Issue 3,\u00a0Winter 2015<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/index.php\/vol-xxi-issue-4\/\">Issue 4, Spring 2015<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><strong>Volume XX (2013-2014)<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/index.php\/volume-xx-2013-2014\/vol-xx-issue-1\/\">Issue 1, Fall 2013<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong><a title=\"Vol. XX Issue 2\" href=\"http:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/index.php\/vol-xx-issue-2\/\">Issue 2, Winter 2014<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/index.php\/vol-xx-issue-3\">Issue 3, Summer 2014<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/index.php\/vol-xx-issue-4\/\">Issue 4, Summer 2014<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/index.php\/pastissues\/volume-xix-2012-2013\/\">Volume XIX (2012-2013)<\/a><\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/vol-xix-issue-1\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline; color: #2ea3f2;\"><strong>Issue 1, Fall 2012<\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/vol-xix-issue-2\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline; color: #2ea3f2;\"><strong>Issue 2, Winter 2013<\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/vol-xix-issue-3\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline; color: #2ea3f2;\"><strong>Issue 3, Spring 2013<\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/vol-xix-issue-4\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline; color: #2ea3f2;\"><strong>Issue 4, Summer 2013<\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><strong><a title=\"Volume XVIII (2011 -2012)\" href=\"http:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/index.php\/pastissues\/volume-xviii-2011-2012\/\">Volume XVIII (2011-2012)<\/a><\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul class=\"noBullets\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/vol-xviii-issue-1\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline; color: #2ea3f2;\"><strong>Issue 1, Fall 2011<\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/vol-xviii-issue-2\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline; color: #2ea3f2;\"><strong>Issue 2, Winter 2012<\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/vol-xviii-issue-3\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline; color: #2ea3f2;\"><strong>Issue 3, Spring 2012<\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/vol-xviii-issue-4\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline; color: #2ea3f2;\"><strong>Issue 4, Spring 2012<\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><strong><a title=\"Volume XVII (2010-2011)\" href=\"http:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/index.php\/pastissues\/volume-xvii-2010-2011\/\">Volume XVII (2010-2011)<\/a><\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul class=\"noBullets\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/vol-xvii-issue-1\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline; color: #2ea3f2;\"><strong>Issue 1, Fall 2010<\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/vol-xvii-issue-2\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline; color: #2ea3f2;\"><strong>Issue 2, Fall 2010<\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/vol-xvii-issue-3\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"color: #2ea3f2;\"><b><u>Issue 3, Spring 2011<\/u><\/b><\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/vol-xvii-issue-4\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"color: #2ea3f2;\"><b><u>Issue 4, Spring 2011<\/u><\/b><\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><strong><a title=\"Volume XVI (2009-2010)\" href=\"http:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/index.php\/pastissues\/volume-xvi-2009-2010\/\">Volume XVI (2009-2010)<\/a><\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul class=\"noBullets\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/vol-xvi-issue-1\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline; color: #2ea3f2;\"><strong>Issue 1, Fall 2009<\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/vol-xvi-issue-2\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline; color: #2ea3f2;\"><strong>Issue 2, Fall 2009<\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/vol-xvi-issue-3\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline; color: #2ea3f2;\"><strong>Issue 3, Spring 2010<\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/vol-xvi-issue-4\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline; color: #2ea3f2;\"><strong>Issue 4, Summer 2010<\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><strong><a title=\"Volume XV (2008-2009)\" href=\"http:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/index.php\/pastissues\/volume-xv-2008-2009\/\">Volume XV (2008-2009)<\/a><\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul class=\"noBullets\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/vol-xv-issue-1\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline; color: #2ea3f2;\"><strong>Issue 1, Fall 2008<\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/vol-xv-issue-2\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline; color: #2ea3f2;\"><strong>Issue 2, Winter 2008<\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/vol-xv-issue-3\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline; color: #2ea3f2;\"><strong>Issue 3, Spring 2009<\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/vol-xv-issue-4\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline; color: #2ea3f2;\"><strong>Issue 4, Summer 2009<\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><strong><a title=\"Volume XIV (2007-2008)\" href=\"http:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/index.php\/pastissues\/volume-xiv-2007-2008\/\">Volume XIV (2007-2008)<\/a><\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul class=\"noBullets\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/vol-xiv-issue-1\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline; color: #2ea3f2;\"><strong>Issue 1, Fall 2007<\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/vol-xiv-issue-2\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline; color: #2ea3f2;\"><strong>Issue 2, Winter 2007<\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/vol-xiv-issue-3\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline; color: #2ea3f2;\"><strong>Issue 3, Spring 2008<\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/vol-xiv-issue-4\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline; color: #2ea3f2;\"><strong>Issue 4, Spring 2008<\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><strong><a title=\"Volume XIII (2006-2007)\" href=\"http:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/index.php\/pastissues\/volume-xiii-2006-2007\/\">Volume XIII (2006-2007)<\/a><\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul class=\"noBullets\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/vol-xiii-issue-1\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline; color: #2ea3f2;\"><strong>Issue 1, Fall 2006<\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/vol-xiii-issue-2\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline; color: #2ea3f2;\"><strong>Issue 2, Winter 2006<\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/vol-xiii-issue-3\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline; color: #2ea3f2;\"><strong>Issue 3, Spring 2007<\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/vol-xiii-issue-4\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline; color: #2ea3f2;\"><strong>Issue 4, Spring 2007<\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><strong><a title=\"Volume XII (2005-2006)\" href=\"http:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/index.php\/pastissues\/volume-xii-2005-2006\/\">Volume XII (2005-2006)<\/a><\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul class=\"noBullets\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/vol-xii-issue-1\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline; color: #2ea3f2;\"><strong>Issue 1, Fall 2005<\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/vol-xii-issue-2\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline; color: #2ea3f2;\"><strong>Issue 2, Winter 2005<\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/vol-xii-issue-3\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline; color: #2ea3f2;\"><strong>Issue 3, Spring 2006<\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/vol-xii-issue-4\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline; color: #2ea3f2;\"><strong>Issue 4, Spring 2006<\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><strong><a title=\"Volume XI (2004-2005)\" href=\"http:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/index.php\/pastissues\/volume-xi-2004-2005\/\">Volume XI (2004-2005)<\/a><\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul class=\"noBullets\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/vol-xi-issue-1\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline; color: #2ea3f2;\"><strong>Issue 1, Fall 2004<\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/vol-xi-issue-2\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline; color: #2ea3f2;\"><strong>Issue 2, Winter 2005<\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><strong><a title=\"Volume X (2003-2004)\" href=\"http:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/index.php\/pastissues\/volume-x-2003-2004\/\">Volume X (2003-2004)<\/a><\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul class=\"noBullets\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/vol-x-issue-1\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline; color: #2ea3f2;\"><strong>Issue 1, Fall 2003<\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/vol-x-issue-2\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline; color: #2ea3f2;\"><strong>Issue 2, Winter 2003<\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/vol-x-issue-3\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline; color: #2ea3f2;\"><strong>Issue 3, Winter 2004<\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/vol-x-issue-4\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline; color: #2ea3f2;\"><strong>Issue 4, Spring 2004<\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/vol-x-issue-5\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline; color: #2ea3f2;\"><strong>Issue 5, Spring 2004<\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><strong>Volume IX (2002-2003)<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul class=\"noBullets\">\n<li><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/v9i1\/index.html\">Issue 1, Fall 2002<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/v9i2\/index.html\">Issue 2, Winter 2002-2003<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><strong>Volume VIII (2001-2002)<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul class=\"noBullets\">\n<li><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/v8i1\/index.html\">Issue 1, Fall 2001<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/v8i2\/index.html\">Issue 2, Fall 2001<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/v8i3\/index.html\">Issue 3, Spring 2002<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><strong>Volume VII (2000-2001)<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul class=\"noBullets\">\n<li><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/v7i1\/index.html\">Issue 1, Fall 2000<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/v7i2\/index.html\">Issue 2, Fall 2000<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/v7i3\/index.html\">Issue 3, Winter 2001<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/v7i4\/index.html\">Issue 4, Spring 2001<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><strong>Volume VI (1999-2000)<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul class=\"noBullets\">\n<li><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/v6i1\/index.html\">Issue 1, Symposium 1999<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/v6i2\/index.html\">Issue 2, Fall 1999<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/v6i3\/index.html\">Issue 3, Winter 1999-2000<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/v6i4\/index.html\">Issue 4, Winter 1999-2000<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/v6i5\/index.html\">Issue 5, Spring 2000<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><strong>Volume V (1998-1999)<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul class=\"noBullets\">\n<li><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/v5i1\/index.html\">Issue 1, Fall 1998<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/v5i2\/index.html\">Issue 2, Winter 1998<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/v5i3\/index.html\">Issue 3, Spring 1999<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><strong>Volume IV (1997-1998)<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul class=\"noBullets\">\n<li><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/v4si\/index.html\">Issue 1, Fall 1997<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/v4i2\/index.html\">Issue 2, Winter 1997<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/v4i3\/index.html\">Issue 3, Spring 1998<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><strong>Volume III (1996-1997)<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul class=\"noBullets\">\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/jolt-archive\/v3i1\/masthead.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>Masthead<\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/v3i1\/index.html\">Issue 1, Summer 1997<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><strong>Volume II (1995-1996)<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul class=\"noBullets\">\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/jolt-archive\/v2i1\/masthead_95-96.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>Masthead<\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/v2i1\/index.html\">Issue 1, Jan. 29, 1996<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><strong>Volume I (1995)<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul class=\"noBullets\">\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/jolt-archive\/v1i1\/masthead.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>Masthead<\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/jolt.richmond.edu\/v1i1\/index.html\">Issue 1, April 10, 1995<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Past Issues Volume XXXII (2025-2026) Masthead Issue 1, Fall 2025 Issue 2, Winter 2026 Volume XXXI (2024-2025) Masthead Issue 1, Fall 2024 Issue 2, Spring 2025 Issue 3, Summer 2025 Volume XXX (2023-2024) Masthead Issue 1, Fall 2023 Issue 2, Winter 2024 Issue 3, Spring 2024 Volume XXIX (2022-2023) Masthead Issue 1, Fall 2022 Issue [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3341,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","template":"","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-623","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/PaMHOZ-a3","jetpack-related-posts":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.richmond.edu\/jolt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/623","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.richmond.edu\/jolt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.richmond.edu\/jolt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.richmond.edu\/jolt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3341"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.richmond.edu\/jolt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=623"}],"version-history":[{"count":101,"href":"https:\/\/blog.richmond.edu\/jolt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/623\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12427,"href":"https:\/\/blog.richmond.edu\/jolt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/623\/revisions\/12427"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.richmond.edu\/jolt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=623"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}